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71 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bilabial Voiceless Stop
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p
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Bilabial Voiced Stop
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b
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Bilabial Voiced Nasal
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m
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Bilabial Voiced Glide
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w
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Dental Voiceless Fricative
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f
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Dental Voiced Fricative
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v
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Dental Voiceless Fricative
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θ
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Dental Voiced Fricative
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ð
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Alveolar Voiceless Stop
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t
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Alveolar Voiced Stop
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d
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Alveolar Voiceless Fricative
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s
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Alveolar Voiced Fricative
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z
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Alveolar Voiceless Affricate
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tʃ
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Alveolar Voiced Affricate
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dʒ
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Palatal Voiceless Fricative
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ʃ
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Palatal Voiced Fricative
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ʒ
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Palatal Voiced Liquid
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r
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Palatal Voiced Glide
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j
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Velar Voiceless Stop
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k
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Velar Voiced Stop
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g
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Velar Voiced Nasal
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ŋ
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Glottal Voiced Fricative
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h
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Front Vowels
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i, ɪ, e, ɛ, æ, a
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Central Vowels
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ʌ, ə, ɚ
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Back Vowels
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u, ʊ, o, ɔ, ɑ
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High Vowels
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i, ɪ, u, ʊ
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Mid Vowels
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e, ɛ, ʌ, ə, o, ɔ
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Low Vowels
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æ, a
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[i]
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key, he
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[ɪ]
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bid, bit
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[e]
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bade, kate, hey
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[ɛ]
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bed
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[æ]
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bad, cat
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[u]
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booed, coot, who
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[ʊ]
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book, cook
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[o]
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bode, coat, hoe
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[ɔ]
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baud, caught, haw
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[a]
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body, cot, ha
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[ʌ]
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bud, cut
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[ə]
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about
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Phonetics
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Studies speech sounds as physical objects.
How are speech sounds made? How is it registered in the ears? |
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Phonology
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Studies how languages organize sounds into different patterns.
How do languages organize sounds to distinguish different words? |
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Fixed Stress
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Where stress is completely predictable.
ex. Stress on first syllable and every other afterwards |
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Lexical Stress
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Memorize which syllable is stressed for a word. Stress on certain syllables determine the word's meaning.
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Paradigmatic Stress
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Stress pattern depends on the type of speech that the word is.
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Minimal Pairs
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Pairs of words that differ in only a single sound in the same position within the word.
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Complementary Distribution
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When the occurrence of two different sounds is predictable based on the context.
ex. complimentary vs. complementary |
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Phonemes
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A label for a group of sounds that are percieved by the speaker to be the same.
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Allophone
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A contextually determined variant pronunciation of a phoneme.
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Phonotactic Constraints
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Restrictions on the types of sounds that are allowed to occur next to each other.
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Morpheme
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The smallest unit of language to hold meaning.
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Lexical Strategies
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Semantically rich and contribute primarily to the meaning of the sentence. (N, V, Adj, Adv, Prep)
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Functional Categories
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Semantically weak and contribute more to the structure of the grammar of sentences than to the meaning.
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Auxiliary Movement
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Being able to move the word to the front of the sentence makes another sentence.
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Semantically
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Different based on the meaning of the word.
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Morphemically
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When the word changes from a noun to a verb.
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How is language arbitrary?
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Phonetically (how it sounds); Morphemically / Semantically diverse (meaning); Syntactically; Sociolinguists / pragmatics
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Participle Movement
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Can be moved to the end of the sentence. Tells about the verb.
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PP Movement
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Can be moved to the front of the sentence.
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Prescribtionist
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Pay attention to the little details (grammar, spelling)
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Describtionist
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Language is always changing; take note of other's speech (outen the light)
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Manner
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Whats the physics of the sound - how the body creates it.
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Place
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Where in the mouth is the action happening
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Voice
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Vocal cords or no vocal cords.
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Vowels
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Monopthongs - jaw does not move
Diphthongs - jaw moves |
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Left Hemisphere
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Large majority of language
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Right Hemisphere
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Filter on social related comments
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Broca's Area
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Send signals out to formulate sentences
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Wernicke's Area
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Deals with external world - adverb, adjectives.
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Inflection Morphemes
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s (plural); 's(possesive); s (ongoing action); ing (ongoing action); ed (past tense); er (comparative); est (superlative)
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IP
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Matter + Time + Energy
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