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177 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the definition of information technology? |
It is the technology used to create, maintain, and make information accessible. |
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Which IT position has the responsibillity of working with routers and switches? |
Network Administrator |
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In which generation were silicon chips first used in computers? |
Third generation |
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Which low-level language corresponds one to one with assembly? |
machine language |
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What allows an organization to use software through the internet? |
Saas or Software as a Service |
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What is one of IT's role in golobalization? |
It allows companies to reach a wider customer base. |
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Which category of computer has an external flat screen monitor, optical disk drive, and a large capacity hard drive? |
Desktop |
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Which two software application packages would be classified as productivity software? |
Spreadsheet program and word processor |
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Which two computer peripherals are connected to the computer through a port? |
External microphone and USB flash drive |
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Which term is defined as a collection of information used to support management of an organization? |
Information system |
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A website logs the timestamp, location, and browser of every visitor. It then aggregates this content into peak traffic times and days,minimum and maximum hits for each country and region, and popularity of certain browsers among visitors. What is the timestamp considered in this scenerio? |
Data |
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a dept manager is creating a budget estimate for the upcoming year. The manager would like to determine whether the data will be available when the decision for the next year have to be made. Which characteristic of valuable data is the manager considering? |
Reliable |
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Which two are parts of an information system? |
Databases and Networks. |
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What is the difference between processing and storage? |
Processing involves temporary information, while storage involves permenant information. |
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What type of information processing allows input data to be accepted as a set of records and processed as a unit? |
Batch processing |
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What is the role of the systems administrator? |
To install and maintain network resources. |
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Which action would be important for the IT department to take in order to help their business meet the goal of increased expansion? |
Expanding the infrasturcture to support additional locations. |
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What step should be taken by a business when a third-party solution is found that will benefit a project? |
Contact the group to arrange a demo of their product. |
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Which risk assessment question is part of the initiation phase? |
Could the end users reject the outcome of the project? |
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In what phase of a project does time estimation occur? |
Planning |
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What effect does scope creep have on a project? |
It increases unplanned costs for the project. |
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Which system requirement is an example of considering user needs in the design of an information system? |
Allowing easy access to customer account information. |
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Which type of systems testing includes having the customer test the system in an operational setting to see if it is useful? |
User Acceptance |
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Which type of systems conversion involves starting the conversion with a portion of end users? |
Pilot |
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What are two necessary elements of business continutiy planning? |
Identifying risks that may occur Assessing key organizational activities. |
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Which disaster recovery strategy is used to save information to multiple hard drives at the same time? |
Data mirrorring |
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Which action would support confidentiality? |
Updating security software. |
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Which regulation governs the actions of a company in case of data records being compromised, lost, or stolen? |
Security Breach Notification laws |
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How can an organization assist employees with the ethical use of information technology? |
By developing policies for information usage. |
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What is part of the role of an It professional assocation? |
Provides professional standards for ethical behavior. Engages in best practices for information systems |
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What is outside of the rold of an IT professional assocation? |
Writes laws dealing with information technology |
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Which benefit is provided by a computer network in a business? |
Cost for hardware resources are decreased. |
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A software emulator program that permits a computer user to use multiple computers and multiple platforms without the expense of purchasing mutiple computers. |
virtual machines |
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Each computer is roughly equal to every other computer. |
Peer-to-peer |
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One computer will request information from another computer, which responds with requested information. |
Client-server |
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Allows the user to control the actions of the software and through the software, to access hardware. |
The operating system |
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Which action by application programs requires support from an operating system? |
An internet browser displays a web page. |
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What is true about the Linux operating system? |
Linux runs on both servers and workstations |
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Which characteristic identifies application sotware that is cloud based? |
provided by third party providers |
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What type of software permits free temporary use followed by long term activation for a fee? |
Shareware |
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What is the purpose of the End User License Agreement for a commercial software package? |
Establishes the customer's right tot use the software. |
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What is the difference between proprietary and open-source software license? |
Proprietary software has a cost whereas open-source software is free. |
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Which two components are parts of a central processing unit? |
Control Unit (CU) Arithmetic logic unit (AlU)
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An employee needs to edit a contract and prepare a hard copy for a project team. Which two peripheral devices should be used? |
printer monitor
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Which motherboard component helps cool the cpu? |
heat sink |
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Which item is a storage device? |
flash drive |
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In which type of network topology is each networked device directly connectd to every other networked device? |
Mesh |
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Which communication medium is typically used when sending data transmissions over very long distances? |
Radio signals |
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What indicates a specific internet location? |
The ip address |
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Translates human readable aliases into IP addresses |
domain name system (DNS) |
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Which part of a Uniform Resource Locator identifies the location of the document on the server? |
Resource path id |
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Which goal of information Assurance (IA) requires that information is accessible when needed? |
Availability |
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Which technique uses all possible combination of letters and numbers to crack a password? |
brute force |
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which is a characterisc of high level languages? |
language translator programs are required. |
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how does a compiler work? |
It requires the components of the software to be defined from the onset. |
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On which tier of the n tier architecture model are user interfaces developed? |
presentation |
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Which component facilitates communication between the other two components in the MVC architecture model? |
controller |
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What is the difference between a compiled and interpreted computer language? |
compiler translates an entire program into executable progam which can be run at a later time, while the interpreter does this incrementally. |
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Which two languages have traditionally been used for automation rather than software development? |
TCL and Python because they are scripting languages |
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Which is true of databases and the application that interact with them? |
Applications are interdependent with the database. |
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What is another term for a formula that outlines how to execute a task? |
Algorithm |
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What is the role of drivers in facilitating communication between application and databases? |
They allow the ODBC to be used for interactions with the database and applications. |
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Which sql clause is used to inform the database management system which table should be interrograted by the query? |
FROM |
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Which data type is used to represent product order code that comprises alphanumeric characters? |
String data |
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Why is it important to ensure that data support business goals? |
To aid in making strategic decisions. |
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In which category of the DIKW hierarchy would business intelligence be located? |
Knowledge |
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Which field must contain a unique value in order for a relational database table to function? |
primary key |
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What are the three main categories of databases? |
Flat file, relational, and hierarchal |
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What is the database administrators role in security? |
To institute protocols to protect the databases from external threats. |
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A single chip process developed in 1974 by IBM |
microprocessor |
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Over the years, the number of transisters that can be placed on a chip has increased by how much? |
By orders of maginitude rather than linearly |
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What is the phenomenon observed that the number of transistors on a chip doubles every year and will continue for at least the next ten years? |
Moore's law |
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How long has Moore's law continued to be a trend? |
from 1965 to the present |
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Is moore's law an observation or a physical law? |
observation |
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The fetch-execute cycle is performed in an overlapped fashion on several instructions. |
pipelines cpu |
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a programming language that is a lengthy list of 1s and 0s. |
machine language |
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An early language translator that would translate an assembly program into machine language. |
assemblers |
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Language that consists of English words, mathematical notation, and familiar syntax such as a semicolon used to end statements. |
high level language |
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What was the operation system called in the early 1960s? |
a resident monitor |
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Which statement allowed the programmer to transfer control from any location in a progam to anywhere else in the program? |
GOTO |
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What does the GOTO statement create? |
spaghetti code |
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What replaced the GOTO statement with high level control constructs such as while loops, and if-else statements, and is not allowed to use the GOTO statement? |
structured programming |
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A stand alone entity that would be programmed to handle its own internal methods as well as messages received from other objects. |
An object |
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What is the main difference between a compiled language and an interpreted language? |
An interpreted language runs inside of a special environment called the interpreter. |
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When a programmer enters a command, what converts that command to machine language and executes it? |
the interpreter |
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perl, php, ruby, python, and asp are interpreted languages that are also what other type of language? |
scripting languages |
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Relies on a session and allows you to test out an idea because they are executed as they're written. |
interpreter |
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Requires that the componenets of the software all be defined from the onset and is considered to have more efficient code. |
compiler |
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What generation used vacuum tubes in computers? |
first generation |
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What generation of computers began to use transistors? |
second |
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what generation of computers introduced the silicon chip? |
third |
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what type of computer still uses silicon chips? |
tablet |
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What generation of computers introduced operating systems? |
third |
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What do integrated circuits need to function? |
silicon chip |
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a location beacon that uses bluetooth technology and can be embedded in any location aware mobile device. |
iBeacons |
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The myriad of types of devices that can and will be connected to the internet in the next few years. |
the internet of things (IoT) |
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What does RFID stand for? |
Radio frequency identification device |
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Refers to data sets that are so large and complex that they will require more advanced database management/processing tools than we currently use. |
big data |
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what cloud service provides access and use of software to businesses through the internet? |
Saas or software as a service |
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which form of cloud computing enables teams of developers to quickly and reliably develop and deliver applications by accessing the same environment in real-time. |
Paas or Platform as a Service |
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Which cloud service provides all the resources (servers, data storage) tha an IT dept needs ouside of the org making them accessible by anyone, anywhere |
IaaS or Infrastructure as a Service |
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Reduced costs Increased speed of development of projects The ability to quickly and easily scale operations. Less reliance on internal IT expertise. |
Benefits of cloud computing |
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What are the risks of cloud computing? |
Org becomes dependent on the reliability and performance of a third party vendor. Adverse effects on internal IT employees. Could raise concerns about data ownership and compliance issues. Possible breach in security. |
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What are the main components in a computer? |
CPU memory input/output (i/o) system bus |
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what does ipos stand for? |
input, process, output, storage |
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Includes all peripheral devices for input, output, storage and network. |
i/o subsystem |
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consists of long term storage devices |
disk drives tapes |
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The device that permits information to move between each component. |
The bus |
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Also known as the chassis or cabinet. |
The case of a computer |
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The circuitry and electrical channels that enable communication among the electronic components. |
the bus |
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the printed circuit board that houses the cpu, memory chips, and expansion cards in any computer. |
the motherboard |
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also referred to as "the chip" |
CPU |
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Retrieves instructions and raw data (input) and manages the transmission of the instructions and data to the alu. |
Control unit |
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Completes mathematical calculations and logical operations to process the data, converting the input of keyboard text entry to output displayed on the screen. |
arithmetic logic unit |
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controls the speed at which instructions are processed. |
The system clock |
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What is the measurement unit used to identify clock speed on today's computers? |
GHz |
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What does BIOS stand for |
Basic input output system |
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The basic operating system that runs when a computer is first turned on. It runs test of memory and the cpu,and initilizes hardware components so that the actual Operating system can be loaded from the hard disk. |
BIOS ROM |
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Temporarily stores data before it is processed and sent to your screen or printer. |
RAM |
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Volitile memory that disappears when the computer is turned off or loses power. |
RAM |
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Houses CDs and DVDs, typically located on the front of the system unit for easy access. |
bays |
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can insert modem cards, wireless access cards, and other PC cards such as camera cards |
slots |
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Can connect additional input, output, storage, and communication devices |
ports |
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computer that has the least amount of performance |
handheld |
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computer that has the mid amount of performance capability |
laptop |
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computer with the most amount of performance capability |
desktop |
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consists of programs that end users run to accomplish tasks. An example of a type of this software includes the email client, web browser, and ftop client |
application software |
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consists of applications that are usefule to everyone such as word processor, presentation software, spreadsheet program, database mgmt systems, calendar program, address book, and data organizer. |
productivity software |
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software more specific towards artists and graphic designers |
drawing software |
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also referred to as horizontal software |
productivity software |
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Software used by select groups with an organization or to a specific discipline such as music sequencers, samplers, and digital recorders for muscians. |
vertical software |
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progams that make up the operating system and directly supports the computer system itself. |
system software |
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Pieces of the operating system that run in the background all of the time |
daemons or services |
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works with hardware to provide a network service, types of software includes web servers, email servers, and database servers |
server software |
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software stored on an individual computer |
local application |
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the ability to have computation anywhere at any time |
ubiquitous computing |
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Android, Chrom, and iOS are common operating systems for which type of computer? |
mobile devices |
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dedicated computers within a network whose function is to respond to network requests and provide a network service |
server |
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loaded when the computer is first booted, included components that handle process mgmt, resource mgmt, and memory mgmt |
kernel |
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sits on top of the hardware and is the interface between hardware and software |
the kernel |
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a piece of the operating system that provides specific interfaces between the OS running a computer and hardware. |
device drivers |
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an interface for the user that provides access to the kernel |
the shell |
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programs that allow the user to monitor and improve system performance |
system utilities |
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sometimes referred to as root or superuser |
administrator account |
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hat is the role of a web server |
to respond to HTTP requests |
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What does http stand for? |
hypertext transfer protocol |
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Used in an organization to act as a giant cache of web pages that anyone in the organization has recently retrieved. |
proxy server |
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what type of server has the capability of blocking specific servers and rejecting responses that contain certain content? |
proxy server |
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permits database access across a network. Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security, and archiving. |
database server |
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like a web server, this server host files and allows clients to access those files. However, it instead provides access in the form of uploading and downloading files. |
ftp server |
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a computer with a large hard disk storing files that any or many users of the network may wish to access. |
file server |
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data that has been processed |
information |
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in the dikw, what is data? |
data is the input directly received by human or computer. |
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in dikw, what is information? |
information is inferred from data, meaning that one or many processes have been applied to the data to tranform it into a more useful form. |
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in dikw, what is knowledge? |
refined information that hte user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant portions of information when needed. |
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in dikw, what is wisdom? |
having both knowledge and experience |
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which characteristic of quality data requires data being used to be applied directly to the decision being made. |
relevance |
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characateristic of quality data where data is provided efficiently and on time so that companies can utilize it in their business. |
timely |
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characteristic of quality data whereas data must be complete and not contain errors or lapses of data. |
thorough |
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characteristic of quality data whereas data is captured once only, where possible, and captured as close to the point of activity as possible. |
accurate |
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characteristic of quality data whereas data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across collection points and over time, whether using manual or computer based systems or a combination. |
reliable |
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What four operations does a computer perform? |
input processing Output Storgage |
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The physical components of a computer |
hardware |
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the programs and other operating information used by the computer |
software |
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a collection of computers and resources connected by various media so they can communicate with each other. |
network |
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The people who use the computer system |
users |
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A set of rules established to govern how people behave and interact with each other |
a protocol |
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a requirment of all computers to communicate over the internet |
transmission control protocol/ internet protocol or TCP/IP |
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A collection of protocols that is sometimes referred to as a protocol stack |
tcp/ip |
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commercial software purchased from a vendor |
proprietary |
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proprietary software produced by a company that commercially markets software |
software house |
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software free from purchase, but not necessarily free in how you use it. |
freeware |
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what types of software is ususally software that has become obsolete because a new software has replaced it, or is software that the original producer no longer wants to maintain and provide support for? |
freeware public domain |
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software that has been moved into the public domain and are made available as executables. |
public domain |
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software created in the open source community and made freely available as source code |
open source |
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protects an original work, but no the ideas behind the work |
copyright |
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excluse right to make copies, prepare derivative works, and distribute copies of the work for the duration of the author's life plus 70 years. |
copyright |