Intro To Islam

Front 1

din and dayn

Back 1

din - repayment
dayn - debt

Front 2

1st Surah

Back 2

In the name of God, the Benificent, the Merciful,
All praise is due to God, the Lord of the Worlds,
The Beneficent, the Merciful,
Thee do we praise and Thee do we beseech for help,
Keep us on the right path,
The path of those upon whom thou hast bestowed favors,
Not the path of those upon whom thy wrath has come down,
Nor those who have gone astray.

Front 3

Satanic Verses

Back 3

Have you considered al-Lat, al Uzza, and Manat? The third the other? These are the Swans exalted whose intercession is to be hoped for.

Front 4

Retraction to Satanic Verses

Back 4

Have you thought on al-Lat, al Uzza, and on Manat, the third other? Are you to have the sons and He the daughters? This is indeed an unfair distinction.

Front 5

Reasons for Muhammad to have said Satanic Verses

Back 5

Political - Opens up availability of transcendental critique to others

Religious - Makes a place for the pagan gods that the Quraysh worship.

Front 6

Reason for retracting the Satanic Verses

Back 6

"There is no god but God" is the center of Islam. Denying this is the one unforgivable sin.

Front 7

5 Pillars

Back 7

Shahadah
Salat
Zakat
Hajj
Fasting

Front 8

Shahadah
(Hor & Ver Sig)

Back 8

Saying "there is no god but God and Muhammad is the prophet of God".

Vertical: Speech act embodying submission to one God.

Horiz: All Muslims must say the Shahadah, and so there is social significance.

Front 9

Salat
(Hor & Ver Sig)

Back 9

Prayer or Blessing

Vertical: Constant reminder of one's debt and submission to God, constantly throughout the day.

Horizontal: All Muslims pray at same time in same direction; large community building aspect.

Front 10

Five Prayer Times

Back 10

Before dawn
Noon
Mid-Afternoon
Evening
Night

Front 11

Salat Major Ablution

Back 11

Wash whole body after sex, menstruation, child birth, touching corpse.

Front 12

Salat Minor Ablution

Back 12

Wash hands, mouth, nose, forearms, face, head, ears and feet after using the toilet, sleeping, etc.

Front 13

Adhan

Back 13

Call people to prayer.

Front 14

Zakat
(Hor & Ver Sig)

Back 14

Alms Tax - Percentage of one's belongings one must pay to the needy. Usually 2.5 - 10%.

Horizontal: Social aspect is obvious.
Vertical: A recognition that anything one owns is first God's. There is no wealth but God's wealth.

Front 15

Hajj
(Hor & Ver Sig)

Back 15

Pilgrimage to Mecca.

Front 16

Greater Hajj

Back 16

Perform ablutions outside Mecca, then wear Ihram (white cloth), proclaim intention to carry out pilgrimage, circle Kaaba seven times counter-clockwise in Tawaf.

Front 17

Lesser Hajj

Back 17

Travel to plain of Arafat and pray from noon to sundown, or to the hill of Arafat.

Front 18

Fasting during Ramadan
(hor and ver sig)

Back 18

Refrain from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual activities during daylight hours. Also heightened attention to those things normally forbidden.

Vertical: One's action during a fast is only answerable to God.
Horizontal: Strong social component through upsetting of patterns of daily life. People come together for meals after sundown.

Front 19

Shariah

Back 19

Islamic Law, path to salvation

Front 20

Sources for Shariah

Back 20

1) Revelation
2) Reason
3) Analogy
4) Consensus

Front 21

Schools of Shariah

Back 21

1) Hanafi
2) Maliki
3) Hanbali
4) Shafi 820
5) Jaafari (Shia Muslims)

Front 22

Shafi

Back 22

Made Muhammad infallible.

Front 23

Law-making Ceased

Back 23

870

Front 24

Fatwa

Back 24

Legal decision by scholar of Islamic Law. (Ulama)

Front 25

5 Categories of Shariah

Back 25

1) Required
2) Recommended
3) Neutral
4) Reprehensible
5) Forbidden