Intro To Criminal Justice Chaper 1

Front 1

misdemeanor

Back 1

A less serious crime generally punishable by a fine or by incarceration in jeail for mot mrore them 1 year.

Hint 1

Petty offenses.

Front 2

jurisdiction

Back 2

a politically defined geographical area

Hint 2

the term juristiction, as used here, means a polically defined geographical area (a city, a county, a state or nation)

Front 3

institution of social control

Back 3

An organization that persuades people through subtle and not-so-subtle means, to abide by the dominat vaules

Hint 3

Like the family, schools, organized religion, the media, and the law, criminal justice is an institution of social control in the United states.

Front 4

felony

Back 4

A serious offence punishable by confinement in [prison fo rmore then 1 year or by death

Hint 4

serious crimes

Front 5

arrest

Back 5

the seizing and detaining of a person by lawful authority

Front 6

booking

Back 6

the administrative recording of an arrest. Typically, the suspect's name, the charge, and perhaps the suspect's fingerprints or photograph are entered in the police blotter

Front 7

defendant

Back 7

A person against whom a legal action is brought, a warrant is issued, or an indictment is found.

Front 8

initial appearance

Back 8

a pretrial stage in which a defendant is brought before a lower court to be given notice of the charge(s) and advised of her or his constitutional rights.

Front 9

summery trial

Back 9

An immediate trial without a jury

Front 10

probable cause

Back 10

A standard of proof that requires evidence sufficient to make a reasonable person believe that, more likely then not, the proposed action is justified.

Front 11

bail

Back 11

Usually a monetary guarantee deposited with the court to ensure that suspects or defendants will appear at a later stage in the criminal justice process.

Front 12

preliminary hearing

Back 12

In a felony case, a pretrial stage at which a judge determines whether there is probable cause.

Front 13

grand jury

Back 13

A group of citizens who meet to investigate charges coming from preliminary hearing.

Front 14

information

Back 14

A document that outlines the formal charge(s) against a suspect, the law(s) that have been violated and the evidence to support the charge(s).

Front 15

arraignment

Back 15

A pretrial stage to hear the information of indictment and to allow plea.

Front 16

plea bargain

Back 16

The practice whereby a specific sentence is imposed if the accused pleads guilty to a agreed-upon charge or charges instead of going to trial.

Front 17

bench trial

Back 17

A trial before a judge without a jury

Front 18

parole

Back 18

The conditional release of prisoners before they have served their full sentences.

Front 19

system

Back 19

A smoothly operation set of arrangements and institutions directed toward the achievement of common goals.

Front 20

crime control model

Back 20

One of Packer's two models of the criminal justice process. Politically, it reflects traditional conservative values. In this model, the control of criminal behavior is the most important function of criminal justice

Hint 20

Assembly-line Justice

Front 21

due process model

Back 21

One of Packer's two models of the criminal justice process. Politically, it embodies traditional liberal values. In this model, the principal goal of criminal justice is at least as much to protect the innocent as it is to convict the guilty.

Hint 21

Obstacle-course Justice

Front 22

doctrine of legal guilt

Back 22

The principle that people are not to be held guilty of crime merely on a showing, based on reliable evidence, that in all probability they did in fact to what they are accused of doing. Legal guilt results only when factual guilt is determined in a procedurally regular fashion, as in a criminal trial, and when the procedural rules designed to protect suspects and defendants and to safeguard the integrity of the process are employed.

Front 23

myth

Back 23

beliefs based on emotion rather than fact