Intro To Asian Religions Test 2

Front 1

Confucius

Back 1

-taught how to live a meaningful & moral life
-moral system
-character (virtue) over intellect
-focused on THIS life - individual's place in society (5 True Relationships)

Front 2

Confucian "Warring State" Period

Back 2

-time of war b/w 2 kingdoms
-great political instability
-Lu State - E. side of China - Confucius

Front 3

Analects

Back 3

-Confucianism
-1st primary Confucius scriptures
-rebellion due to being raised wrong
-value of family
-"The Way" - Dao
-Gentelman

Front 4

Dao/The Way (Confucianism)

Back 4

-The moral/right way to live your life
-The way of heaven
-followed by the gentleman

Front 5

Gentleman

Back 5

-Confucius redefined - Chun-Tzu
-the morally perfected person
-open to all
-eager to learn
-focus on virtue/moral concerns
-not attached to material things

Front 6

1st lesson gentleman must learn

Back 6

(confucianism)
-respect for elders - FILIAL PIETY

Front 7

5 True Relationships

Back 7

(Confucianism)
1. Father/Son
2. Friend/Friend
3. Elder Sibling/Younger Sibling
4. Husband/Wife
5. Ruler Subject

Front 8

What are the 5 True Relationships like?

Back 8

(Confucianism)
-hierarchal (except friend/friend)
-RECIPROCAL relationship
-subordinate must realize their place and always respect elder

Front 9

The Rectification of Names

Back 9

(Confucianism)
-rectifying reality
-1st step = define 5 relationships
-2nd step = transform reality so it met ideal - thru personal cultivation

Front 10

How do you cultivate the 5 relationships?

Back 10

(Confucianism)
1. Learning - the gentleman is someone who studies the past to avoid mistakes committed in past
2. Rituals (Li) - worship ancestors everyday, sacrifices

Front 11

Daoism

Back 11

-Immortality = goal
-Zhuangzi
-True Man
-Dao
-Wuwei
-Dao de Jing
-Yin/Yang
-Longevity - rituals - spirits accessible through prayer

Front 12

2 Types of Daoism

Back 12

1. Philosophical
2. Religious

Front 13

Philosophical Daoism

Back 13

(more important to our class)
-Warring States
-Dao de Jing - Laozi
-Zhuangzi - the Dao

Front 14

Religious Daoism

Back 14

magical rituals - ex: acupuncture

Front 15

Zhuangzi

Back 15

-Dao cannot be defined by words - experiential knowledge
-value what happens in life - let it be
-Warring states - thrive on ind. level
-qualified non-individualism - everything is a whole - interrelated
-wuwei - actionless action
-freedom over advancement
-detachment
-only way to eliminate chaos - all things equal

Front 16

True Man

Back 16

(Daoism)
-understand yin/yang
-just is
-whatever happens, happens

Front 17

Daosist Dao

Back 17

-Cannot be explained with words/easily
-natural principle that gives rise to all
-must have experiential knowledge

Front 18

De/Te

Back 18

(Daoism)
-virtue, power, force
-inner quality of Dao in individuals

Front 19

Wuwei

Back 19

(Daoism)
-Actionless action
-nonaction
-live according to the way

Front 20

Yin/Yang

Back 20

(Daoism)
-central to Daoism - concept of opposites
-yin-female; dark
-yang-male, light

Front 21

Japanese Buddhism

Back 21

-elaborate rituals
-enlightenment - elite, goal - for others to attain
-Kamakura Period
-Pureland
-Amida Buddha
-Niembutsu
-Primal Vow
-Mappo
-Shinran

Front 22

Kamakura Period

Back 22

(Japanese Buddhism)
-warriors take charge
-social change
-new religious beliefs, warfare, illness
-"Time of Mappo" - decline of dharma
-Pure Land
1. Honen - total rejection of all other Budd. practices - PURELAND - mappo, Amida Buddha, Neimbutsu, Primal Vow
2. Shinran

Front 23

Mappo

Back 23

(Japanese Buddhism)
-Kamakura Period - Honen
-Pureland - need a new path to enlightenment open to everyone
-age of decline of dharma

Front 24

Amida Buddha

Back 24

(Japanese Buddhism)
-with you at all times
-here to accept you as who you are
-does not discriminate
-available to all (Shinran)
-must have complete faith in AB in order to experience enlightemment
-vowed to remain available to help others attain Nirvana - help turn to perfect beings

Front 25

Neimbutsu

Back 25

(Japanese Buddhism)
-chant
-Saving grace of Amidha Buddha
-say until completely faithful
-recognize Amidha Buddha is here to accept you as who you are and help experience enlightment

Front 26

Primal Vow

Back 26

(Japanese Buddhism)
-original vow
-Amidha Buddha does not discriminate - vowed to remain available to help others attain Nirvana - help turn to perfect beings
-anyone can be saved
-Shinran says: (1) instruction - try not to commit violence (2) we are flawed- have committed acts (3) AB is available to all with his passion

Front 27

Shinran

Back 27

(Japanese Buddhism)
-Second leader of Pureland
-Neimbutsu - hard to know if you have complete faith so say as often as possible
-Pureland is not a real place - state of being
-only when you truly entrust in AB can you experience enlightenment
-easy path, but really hard to know if you have complete faith

Front 28

Pureland

Back 28

(Japanese Buddhism)
-Shinran - not real place - state of being
-can attain here and now
-when you attain: stay in realm of samsara as human to help others = ultimate goal - not personal salvation - saving all from samsara

Front 29

Faith

Back 29

(Japanese Buddhism)
-Shin jin
-true entrusting
-trust AB is here to help you/save you
-trust that you are a flawed karmic being
-remove from ego and ask for help

Front 30

Dharma (Japanese Buddhism)

Back 30

(1) teachings of Buddha
(2) taking reality as it is
-non-dualism nature of reality
-union btw you and Amidha Buddha within each one of us

Front 31

Chinese Buddhism

Back 31

6 Chinese Schools:
(1) Three Treatises/Stages School
(2) Dharma Character/Disciplinary School
(3) Lotus School
(4) Flower Garland School
*(5) Chan School (Japan-West "zen")
*(6) Pureland School
-Amitabha Buddha
-Nirvana
-Nianfo

Front 32

Chan School (Chinese Buddhism)

Back 32

-meditation school
-Sanskrit Nana - Jan
-med. necessary to attain enlightenment
-reality unexpressionable in words, must understand through direct insight
-Kashyapa -held up lotus - transition from mind to mind
-Bodhidharma - Indian Buddhist Monk - seeing one's nature and becoming Buddha- Buddha nature is within each of us

Front 33

Pureland (Chinese Buddhism)

Back 33

-Korea, Japan, East Asia
-Western Paradise
-Amitabha Buddha

Front 34

Amitabha Buddha

Back 34

(Chinese Buddhism)
-before historical Buddha
-save all beings and help attain Nirvana as long as they have faith in him

Front 35

Nirvana

Back 35

(Chinese Buddhism)
-rebirth into pureland
-demonstrate faith - chant the Nianfo

Front 36

Nianfo

Back 36

(Chinese Buddhism)
-Chant - prove you have faith in Amitabha Buddha
-"I rely on the name of Amitabha"

Front 37

Japanese Shinto

Back 37

-indigenous religion of Japan
-no founder
-no doctrines
-religion of practice
-"The Way of the Kami"
-Kamikasi
-impurities - purification

Front 38

Kami

Back 38

(Japanese Shinto )
-supernatural
-divine powers
-good and bad
-people called to them for anything

Front 39

Yasukuni Shrine

Back 39

(Japanese Shinto)
-controversial
-sacred objects in
-symbols of Kami

Front 40

Shinto Ritual

Back 40

(1) Prepare
(2) ceremony
(3) Post-ritual acts

Front 41

Purification

Back 41

(Japanese Shinto)
-cleanliness, order

Front 42

Impurities

Back 42

if not cleansed = more chaos, more impurities

Front 43

Kamikasis

Back 43

(Japanese Shinto)
-bombers

Front 44

Zen Buddhism

Back 44

-Zen Master Dogen
-"Beyond Thinking"
-Kamakura Period
-Ultimate reality
-Chinese Chan Buddhism
-Roshis
-Rinzai School
-Soto School

Front 45

2 Zen Buddhist Schools

Back 45

(1) Rinzai
(2) Soto

Front 46

Rinzai School

Back 46

(Zen Buddhism)
-founded by Eisai
-Kamakuri period
-Mappo
-Koan - mind puzzles to propel you out of everyday thought
-Pearl - there the whole time - fools not to understand that Buddha is always with us

Front 47

Soto School

Back 47

(Zen Buddhism)
-Dogen
-Zazen - "just sitting" - allows thoughts to rise and accord on own way to clear mind

Front 48

Kamakuri Period (Zen Buddhism)

Back 48

Samari took over aristoratic - time of decline
-Pureland

Front 49

Zen

Back 49

-Kamakura period - time of decline
-needed short cut to Nirvana besides just memorizing scriptures and renouncing

Front 50

Chinese Chan Buddhism (Zen Buddhism)

Back 50

-ultimate reality cannot be expressed in words or concepts
-need direct intuition/insight
-anyone can do it but takes discipline /training
-meditation helps us to break out of normal thought patterns
-Seeing one's nature and becoming a Buddha
-all beings posses Buddha nature - need to recognize that
-NO BELIEF IN PURELAND

Front 51

"Beyond Thinking"

Back 51

(Zen Buddhism) - Zen Master Dogen
-everything is completely connected (us to others' lives)
-can't having thinking without non-thinking
-practice meditation - enlightenment
-already have enlightenment just not aware
-practice of Zazen IS enlightment - practice to realize
-enlightenment not about attainment - about awakening to Buddha nature within us
-ultimate reality is everywhere and available to everyone