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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the study of morphology or structure of organisms
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anatomy
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the scientific study of body functions
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physiology
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the structure of a body part influences its...
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...function
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function has an effect on...
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...structure
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study of external features
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surface anatomy
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study of cellular structure
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cytology
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study of prenatal development
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embryology
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study of body's defense against disease
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immunology
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study of drug action in the body
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pharmacology
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study of structural and functional changes associated with disease
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pathology
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6 levels of organization in body
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chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ systems, total organism
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the basic living unit of all organisms
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cell
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a collection of cells with similar structure and function
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tissue
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the phase of metabolism in which complex substances are broken down into simpler ones
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catabolism
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a building-up process in which complex substances are synthesized from simpler ones
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anabolism
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maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment
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homeostasis
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any condition that disrupts homeostasis
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stressor
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action that has an effect opposite to a deviation from normal;action to maintain homeostasis
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negative feedback
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mechanisms that stimulate or amplify changes
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positive feedback
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divides body into right and left halves
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midsagittal plane
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divides body into superior and inferior portions
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transverse plane
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divides body into anterior and posterior portions
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frontal plane
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divides the body into right and left portions
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sagittal plane
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contains the cranial and spinal cavities
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dorsal cavity
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containes the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
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ventral cavities
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contains the brain
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cranial cavity
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contains the heart and lungs
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abdoinopelvic cavity
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contains the liver, stomach, and spleen
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abdominal cavity
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contains the spinal cord
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spinal cavity
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contains the urinary bladder and rectum
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pelvic cavity
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consists of the skin, hair, and sweat glands; protective covering of the body
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integumentary system
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bones and ligaments; forms the framework of the body
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skeletal system
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processes food into usable molecules; esophagys, stomach, liver, and pancreas
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digestive system
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trachea, bronchi, and lungs
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respiratory system
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removes nitrogenous wastes from the blood; regulates fluid and chemical content of the body
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urinary system
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glands that secrete hormones; chemical messengers that regulate body activities
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endocrine system
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cleanses lymph and returns it to the blood; part of the body's defense system; tonsils, spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus
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lymphatic system
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brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sense receptors; transmits impulses to coordinate body activities
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nervous system
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blood, heart, and blood vessels; transports nutrients, hormones, and oxygen
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cardiovascular system
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produces movement and maintains posture
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muscular system
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ovaries and testies
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reproductive system
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10 life processes that distinguish living organisms from non-living forms
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organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movement, reproduction, growth, differentiation, respiration, digestion, excretion
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5 physical factors from the environment that are essential to human life
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pressure, heat, nutrients, oxygen, water
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anatomical position
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body is erect, face is forward, arms at sides, palms are forward, feet and toes are forward
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