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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a fiasco?
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Squat, straw-covered bottles, due to inferior quality of Italian glass
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Where were the first DOC and DOCG zones authorized? What percentage of wine in this region are DOC/DOCG?
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Tuscany
45% |
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Describe the climate of Tuscany.
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Dry, maritime-influenced as a whole, potentially harsh winters and long, hot summers
Wide variation of mesoclimates: Montalcino is arid, Montepulciano is more seasonal and continental |
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What is the main red grape of Italy? What are some characteristics of the grape?
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Sangiovese
Thin-skinned, light in color, high in acidity, firmly tannic, medium to full-bodied Sour cherry and herbal undertones common |
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In which DOCGs is Sangiovese the principal red grape?
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Chianti
Chianti Classico Carmignano Vino Nobile di Montepulcciano Morellino di Scansano Montecucco Sangiovese Brunello di Montalcino |
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What other grapes wield influence over Tuscan wine production?
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Red native: Colorino, Canaiolo Nero
Red international: Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Syrah White international: Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc White native: Trebbiano Toscano, Malvasia, Vernaccia, Vermintino |
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What is Tuscany's most famous DOCG? What are its 8 subzones?
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Chianti
Classico, Rùfina, Colli senesi, Colline Pisane, Colli Aretini, Montalbano, Montespertoli |
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What is the general recipe for Chianti DOCG?
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70-100% Sangiovese (75%+ for Colli senesi)
Addition of white grapes Trebbiano Toscano and Malvasia is optional (was manditory) Other red grapes of the region permitted, with Cabernet grapes not exceeding 15% |
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What do the terms governo, normale, riserva and superiore mean on Chianti labels?
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Governo: refermentation with the juice of dried grapes to strengthen the wine and initiate malolactic fermentation, must be listed as "Governo all'uso Toscano"
Normale: release on March 1 of the year following harvest, additional aging required in Rùfina, Montespertoli and Colli Fiorentini Riserva: minimum 2 years aging Superiore: additional half-degree of alcohol, lower vineyard yields |
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Talk about Chianti Classico
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Heartland of Chianti, provides the best examples of the wine
Two soils common: soft, friable, marl-like galestrol and alaberese (sandstone) Must be 80% Sangiovese, no white grapes permitted, 12% minimum Riserva: 24 months minimum, 12.5%+ Gran Selezione: 30+ months (new in 2013) |
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Where will you find the most powerful expression of Sangiovese? Talk about it.
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Brunello di Montalcino DOCG
100% Sangiovese Grosso (Brunello) clone Aged in cask for 2 years and in bottle for additional 4 months (6 for riserva) Varied soil, galestro characterizes higher-altitude vineyards, clay dominant in south, fossilized marine deposits scattered throughout Stronger with more alcohol, extract and tannin than Chianti |
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What is considered the "junior" version of Brunello? What are the specifications for this area?
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Rosso di Montepulciano DOC
100% Sangiovese Aged 1 year, no cask requirements |
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What type of wine is produced in the Moscadello di Montalcino DOC?
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White wines from the Moscadello (Moscato Bianco) grape
Often sweet, may be still or sparkling |
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What are the specifications for Vino Nobile de Montepulciano DOCG?
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Minimum 70% Sangiovese (Prugnolo Gentile clone), maximum of 30% other Tuscan varietals, no more than 5% white grapes
Aged 2+ years, 1 in wood Riserva: 3+ years Less firm than Chianti, less aggressively tannic than Brunello |
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What kind of wine is found in Morellino di Scansano DOCG?
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Red wines with a minimum of 85% Sangiovese
Riserva: 2+ years in barrel |
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How much Sangiovese is required in Carmignano? What grapes can be added to Sangiovese in Rosso della Val di Cornia?
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50%, 10-20% must be Cabernet Sauvignon and/or Cabernet Franc
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What's the deal with Super Tuscans?
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Dissatisfaction with regimented DOC laws inspired producers to release wines outside of the classifications as simple vino da tavola, to add flesh and roundness to Sangiovese or supplant the native Sangiovese with French Grapes
Primary motivator for the IGT category in 1992 |
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What are some notable Super Tuscans?
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1968: Sassicaia by Tenuta San Guido, a Cabernet blend, was the first
Antinori Tignanello (barrique-aged red with high level of Sangiovese) was the second in 1971, Solaia (Cabernet-based), Ornellaia (Bordeaux blend), Masseto (Merlot-based) followed Le Macchiole Paleo Rosso: 100% Cabernet Franc 100% Sangiovese: San Felice's Vigorello, Montevertine's Le Pergole Torte, Isole e Olena's Cepparello |
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What styles of wine are produced in Bolgheri?
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Reds dominated by Cabernet Sauvignon, may contain a majority of Merlot or Sangiovese (but not more than 70%)
Superiore aged 2+ years, with 1 in barrique, 12.5% alcohol minimum White: Vermentino, Sauvignon & Trebbiano blends also allowed |
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What is the only Tuscan white wine to obtain DOCG status? What is it like?
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Vernaccia di San Gimignano
Crisp, pink grapefruit-tinged white wine produced on sandy, rock-strewn soils |
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What is the only dessert wine to reach DOCG status?
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Elba Aleatico Passito, sweet red passito wines from Aleatico grape (possibly red-skinned mutation of Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains)
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What is the traditional dessert bottling in Tuscany?
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Vin santo, "holy wine", high alcohol, almond and honey tones, dried grape wine produced from Trebbiano and Malvasia, Grechetto is sometimes authorized
Grapes raisinated until December 1st Aged between 3-8 years in chestnut barrels, never topped May be sweet or dry, depending on length of appassimento process May be fortified and labeled as liquoroso |
