Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
sociology
|
the systematic, scientific study of human society
|
|
|
social marginality
|
being excluded from mainstream society
|
|
|
global village
|
a closely knit community of all the world's societies
|
|
|
economic globalization
|
the interrelationship among the world's economies
|
|
|
hypothesis
|
a tentative statement of how various events are related to one another
|
|
|
theory
|
a set of logically related hypotheses that explains the relationship among various phenomena
|
|
|
social forces
|
forces that arise from the society of which we are a part
|
|
|
sociological imagination
|
the impact of social forces on individuals, especially on their privates lives
|
|
|
social integration
|
the degree to which people are tied to a social group
|
|
|
Auguste Comte
|
the "father of sociology", coined the term sociology as relating to the scientific study of sociology
|
|
|
statics
|
the study of organization that allows societies to endure
|
|
|
dynamics
|
the study of the processes by which societies change
|
|
|
Harriet Martineau
|
the first woman sociologist, condensed Comte's book about sociology
|
|
|
Herbert Spencer
|
Society can be compared to the living organism; all parts are interdependent, and a change in one affects all others
|
|
|
Karl Marx
|
Society needs conflict and competition
|
|
|
class conflict
|
the struggle between the people who own the means of production, and those who do not
|
|
|
Emile Durkheim
|
Pioneered the systematic application of scientific methods to sociology
|
|
|
Max Weber
|
Sociologists must go beyond what people do, beyond what can be observed directly
|
|
|
Verstehen
|
empathetic understanding of their subjects
|
|
|
Jane Addams
|
Founder of social work, and she set up Hull House, which was a center for social reform and research
|
|
|
W.E.B. DuBois
|
He founded the sociology department at Atlanta University; He focused on the racial problems in the United States
|
|
|
applied science
|
puts knowledge to use
|
|
|
macro view
|
focusing on the large social phenomena of society; e.g. social institutions and inequality
|
|
|
micro view
|
zeroing in on the immediate social situations in which people interact with each other
|
|
|
theoretical perspectives
|
a set of general assumptions about the nature of society
|
|
|
functionalist perspective
|
focuses on social order
|
|
|
social consensus
|
a condition in which most members of the society agree on what would be good for everybody and cooperate to achieve it
|
|
|
mechanical solidarity
|
a type of social cohesion the develops when people do similar work and have similar beliefs and values
|
|
|
organic solidarity
|
a type of social cohesion that arises when the people in a society perform a wide variety of specialized jobs and therefore have to depend on one another
|
|
|
manifest functions
|
functions that are intended and seem obvious
|
|
|
latent functions
|
unintended and often unrecognized
|
|
|
conflict perspective
|
portrays society as always changing and always marked by conflict
|
|
|
feminist theory
|
a form of conflict theory that explains human life in terms of the experiences of women
|
|
|
patriarchy
|
a system of domination in which men exercise power over women
|
|
|
symbolic interactionist perspective
|
directs our attention to the details of a specific situation and the interaction between individuals in that situation
|
