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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Seperation of authorities - at the courts level |
judicial federalism |
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judge determines if there is enough evidence to charge someone - happens after arraignment |
preliminary hearing |
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types of specialty courts |
-domestic violence -mental health -homeless -veterans |
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when a person believes he or she has been unlawfully denied freedom before a court or judge |
habeas corpus |
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when the court grants a case on appeal from a lower court |
writ of certiorari |
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issued by a court to order a government agency to perform an act as required my law |
writ of mandamus |
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stopping a lower court from proceeding in a specific case |
writ of prohibition |
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a trial without a judge |
bench trial |
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county jail felons normally get released onto |
post release community supervision |
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probation began with who |
John Augustus |
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probation costs from $____ - $_____ imprisonment costs from $____ |
$700-$1000 a year $51,889 a year |
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Penitentiary Act of 1779 |
John Howard |
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creation of the CDC is credited mostly to |
Governor Earl Warren
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genesis of parole/Mark system/ticket to leave is credited to |
Alexander Maconochie |
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requirement that parolees submit monthly reports to the police is an idea from |
Sir Walther Crofton |
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case that ultimately led the reducement of inmate population to help the overcrowding issue |
Brown v Plata |
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the shifting of resources from one level of government to another |
realignment |
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non offenders sentenced to less than 3 years in jail will typically serve |
6 months |
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non sentenced to more than 3 years in jail will typically serve |
24 months |
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if death penalty sentences were converted to life without parole, the savings a year would amount to |
$50 million |
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goal of the juvenile justice system |
what is in the best interest of the child |
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WIC 300, children who have been or at risk of becoming abused or neglected |
dependents of the court |
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WIC 601, juveniles who commit an act that is deemed criminal due to their age (truancy, running away) |
status offenders |
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WIC 602, minors accused to violating any criminal law |
delinquents |
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3 major differences between juvenile and adult justice system |
-terminology -juvenile system has jurisdiction over some non delinquents -juvenile system only has jurisdiction over minors |
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one reason why huge drop in amount of juveniles in system |
weed becoming an infraction |
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strongest SOCIAL risk for delinquency |
delinquent friends |
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strongest ENVIRONMENTAL risk for delinquency |
concentrated disadvantage |
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strongest FAMILY risk for delinquency |
antisocial parents |
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biological/psychological reasons for delinquency |
-low intelligence -chronically under aroused -impaired communication between frontal and temporal lobes |
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determines if juvenile is fit for adult court of juvenile court |
fitness hearing |
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upper age limit of juvenile court (person must be released from juv court by this age) |
23 |
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children under the age of ___ cannot be sent to criminal court |
14 |
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WIC 18251, community based intervention services that emphasize the strengths of the child and family and includes the delivery of coordinated, highly individualized unconditional services to address needs and achieve positive outcomes in their lives |
wrap around services |
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JUV COURT: initial appearance |
preliminary hearing |
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JUV COURT: preventative detention |
being denied bail/in jail awaiting trial |
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JUV COURT: adjudicatory hearing |
trial |
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JUV COURT: dispositional hearing/disposition |
sentencing |
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JUV COURT: detention hearing |
arraignment |
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JUV COURT: adjudicated |
conviction |
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JUV COURT: adjustment |
plea bargain |
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Penitentiary Act of 1779 included these 4 things: |
-secure and sanitary structure -systematic inspection -abolition of fees -reformatory regimen
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federal cases are initially heard in |
district courts |
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when did realignment start |
October 1, 2011 |
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the primary purpose of the first jail was to -secondary purpose? |
-hold people awaiting trial -dumping ground for "dangerous" people
-secondary: housing inmates
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inmates would work to make goods that could be sold in marketplaces |
industrial prisons |
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CA prisons began in ____ at _____ |
1852, San Quentin --- spurred by Gold Rush |
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3 levels of security classification in state levels |
-minimum -medium -maximum
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levels of security classifications at federal level |
-minimum -low -medium -high -administrative |
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every step of the system has a little more racism - credited to Sam Walker |
cumulative disadvantage |
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moving from juvenile to adult court |
waiver/transfer |
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adult court sends juvenile back to juvenile court |
reverse waiver |
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peak of juvenile system |
10,000 kids |
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1st juvenile court |
Cook County, Chicago IL 1899 |
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JUV COURT: legislative waiver |
says in law that you must go to adult court |
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JUV COURT: judicial waiver |
juv. court decides if juvenile is fit for adult court |
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JUV COURT: prosecutorial waiver |
based on prior offenses - prosecutor decides
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4 main factors of kids in system |
-abuse -neglect -lack of supervision -family of crime |
