Intravenous Solutions, Equipment And Calculations

Front 1

Replacement fluids.

Back 1

Intravenous fluids ordered for a client who has lost fluids due to diarrhea, vomiting, or hemorrhage.

Front 2

Maintenance fluids.

Back 2

Intravenous fluids ordered for a client to sustain normal levels of fluids and electrolytes at risk for depletion.

Front 3

Continuous IV infusion.

Back 3

Replace or maintain fluids and electrolytes.

Front 4

Intermittent Intravenous Infusions.

Back 4

Used to administer medications and supplemental fluids.
e.g: IVPB-intravenous piggyback
IV Push.

Front 5

Intermittent Peripheral Infusion Devices:
Saline Locks,
Heparin Locks.

Back 5

Devices used to maintain venous access that do not require the need for continuous infusion.

Front 6

Intravenous Infusion rates are calculated in:

Back 6

gtt/min = drops per minute.

or

mL/hr = milliliters per hour.

Front 7

An intravenous order MUST specify the following:

Back 7

1) Name of the Intravenous solution.
2) Name of the medication to be added, if any.
3) Amount(volume) to be administered.
4) The specific time period which the IV fluid is to infuse.

Front 8

NS

Back 8

Sodium chloride 0.9%

Front 9

1/2 NS

Back 9

Sodium Chloride 0.45%

Front 10

D5W or 5% D/W

Back 10

Dextrose 5% in water.

Front 11

D5RL

Back 11

Dextrose 5% and lactated Ringer
(Ringer Lactate).

Front 12

RL or RLS

Back 12

Lactated Ringer Solution(electrolytes).

Front 13

D5NS

Back 13

Dextrose 5% in sodium chloride.

Front 14

D5 and 1/2 NS

Back 14

Dextrose 5% in 0.45% sodium chloride.

Front 15

KCl

Back 15

Potassium chloride.

Front 16

Solution strength measured as a percentage means:

Back 16

Grams of solute per 100mL of fluid.

Front 17

The charting of Intravenous fluid administration to the client is recorded on the:

Back 17

I&O Sheet -intake and output sheet.

or

MAR- medication administration sheet.

Front 18

Parenteral nutrition is:

Back 18

A form of nutritional support in which the nutrients are provided by the IV route.

Front 19

Parenteral nutrition consists of:

Back 19

Glucose, amino acids, minerals, vitamins, fat emulsions.

Front 20

Parenteral nutrients are infused by:

Back 20

A peripheral or central vein.

Front 21

Intravenous solutions with less than
10% dextrose may be administered through a:

Back 21

Peripheral vein.

Front 22

Intravenous solutions with more than
10% dextrose must be administered through a:

Back 22

Central venous catheter.

Front 23

Central venous catheters are placed in:

Back 23

A high-flow central vein such as the Superior Vena Cava.

Front 24

Parenteral lipid emulsions are administered to provide:

Back 24

Supplemental kilocalories and prevent fatty acid deficiencies.

Front 25

Lipid emulsions can be administered through a:

Back 25

-Separate peripheral line.
-A central line by a Y connector tubing.
-As mixtures with the parenteral nutrition solution.

Front 26

TPN stands for:

Back 26

Total parenteral nutrition and hyperalimentation.

Front 27

Blood administration uses a:

Back 27

Standard blood setor a Y type blood set.

Front 28

What is used to flush IV tubing at the beginning and end of a blood transfusion?

Back 28

Normal saline(0.9% saline).

Front 29

Blood administration tubing has a protective:

Back 29

In-line filter.

Front 30

IV fluids infuse by gravity flow and must be hung:

Back 30

Above the client's heart to allow for sufficient flow.

Front 31

The higher the IV bag is hung will have a direct relationship on the:

Back 31

Rate of flow.

Front 32

The site of infusion for a peripheral line can be:

Back 32

A vein in the arm, hand or scalp(for an infant). In rare instances, a vein of the leg is used.

Front 33

The site of infusion for a central line can be:

Back 33

A large vein such as the Subclavian or Jugular.

Front 34

A central catheter is threaded through a large vein such as the Subclavian or jugular into the right atrium. These are known as:

Back 34

-Triple lumen cathethers
-Hickman catheters
-Broviac catheters
-Groshong catheters.

Front 35

PICC or Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters use:

Back 35

A peripheral vein, Antecubital, in the arm is site of insertion where the catheter is advanced into the Superior Vena Cava.

Front 36

Secondary Intravenous Lines attach to the:

Back 36

Primary line at an injection port. Their purpose is to infuse medication and other compatible IV fluids on an intermittent basis.

Front 37

A secondary line is referred to as an:

Back 37

IVPB- Intravenous piggy back.

Front 38

An IVPB is hung:

Back 38

Higher than the primary line, giving it greater pressure, allowing it to infuse first.

Front 39

Tandem Piggyback Setups are attached to:

Back 39

The port of the primary infusion line at THE SAME HEIGHT to allow for a simultaneous infusion rate as the primary source. Care must be takrn to prevent back-up into the tandem piggy back line once the infusion is complete.

Front 40

A heparin or saline solution is used to keep the intermittent access free from blockage. These acronyms are used;
SAS or
SIS

Back 40

SIS = saline-IV medication-Saline

SAS= Saline-administer medication-saline.

Front 41

IV push

Back 41

When a syringe is attached to an injection port or directly into a vein and the medication is pushed directly into the client.

Front 42

IV Bolus

Back 42

A volume of of IV fluid that is infused over a specific period of time through an IV administration set attached to the lock.

Front 43

Electronic Volumetric pumps

Back 43

Infuse fluids into the vein under pressure and against resistance and do not depend on gravity.

Front 44

Syringe Pumps

Back 44

Electronic devices that deliver medications or fluids by the use of a syringe. These pumps are useful in pediatrics and intensive care units, as well as in labor and delivery areas.

Front 45

PCA pump

Back 45

Patient controlled analgesic devices that allow the client to self administer IV analgesics. These are programmed to allow specific dosages of narcotics with a lock-out interval and record the number of times the client uses it.

Front 46

Balloon Device

Back 46

An infusion device used for the home care and out-patient setting. It is used to administer single dose infusion therapies. e.g. elastometric balloon device.

Front 47

IV Bolus

Back 47

A volume of of IV fluid that is infused over a specific period of time through an IV administration set attached to the lock.

Front 48

Electronic Volumetric pumps

Back 48

Infuse fluids into the vein under pressure and against resistance and do not depend on gravity.

Front 49

Syringe Pumps

Back 49

Electronic devices that deliver medications or fluids by the use of a syringe. These pumps are useful in pediatrics and intensive care units, as well as in labor and delivery areas.

Front 50

PCA pump

Back 50

Patient controlled analgesic devices that allow the client to self administer IV analgesics. These are programmed to allow specific dosages of narcotics with a lock-out interval and record the number of times the client uses it.

Front 51

Balloon Device

Back 51

An infusion device used for the home care and out-patient setting. It is used to administer single dose infusion therapies. e.g. elastometric balloon device.

Front 52

Drop Factor.

Back 52

Indicated on the packaging in which the IV set is found, this is the calibration in gtt/mL that the set delivers. This calibration is necessary to calculate flow rates.

Front 53

The two common types of tubing used to administer IV fluids are:

Back 53

Microdrop tubing and
Macrodrop tubing.

Front 54

Macrodrop tubing.

Back 54

The standard type of tubing used for general IV administration. As specified by the manufacturer, Macrodrop tubing delivers 10, 15, or 20 gtt equal to 1 mL..

Front 55

Microdrop tubing.

Back 55

Microdrop tubing delivers tiny drops and is used when small amounts and more exact measurements are needed, for example, in pediatrics, for the elderly, and in critical care settings.
Microdrop tubing delivers 60 gtt per 1 mL.
Since there are 60 minutes to an hour. the number of microdrops per minute is equal to to the number of mL/hr..

Front 56

To calculate the flow rate at which an IV is to infuse, the nurse needs to know the following:

Back 56

1) The volume or number of milliliters to infuse.
2) The drop factor(gtt/mL) of the IV tubing.
3) The time element(minutes or hours).

Front 57

Using the Formula Method to calculate flow rate:

X gtt/min =

Back 57

Volume(mL) x Drop factor
___________________

Time(min)

Front 58

xx

Back 58