Intimate Relationships Teest 2

Front 1

social exchange

Back 1

mutual exchange of desirable rewards with others

Front 2

reward

Back 2

anything within an interaction that is desirable and welcome. brings enjoyment and fulfillment

Front 3

costs

Back 3

punishing undesirable experiences

Front 4

outcome

Back 4

net profit or loss a person encouters

outcome = reward - mcost

Front 5

interdependence theory

Back 5

thibaut and keley

Front 6

comparison level

Back 6

value of the outcomes we believe we deserve in our dealings with others. based on past experiences. stadard by which satisfaction is measured.

outcomes - cl are satisfaction or disatisfaction

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comparison levels for alternatives

Back 7

whether we could be doing better somewhere else. outcome you would receive by moving away from current relationship. always best we can get.

Front 8

what does clalt determine

Back 8

dependence on relationship.

Front 9

investments

Back 9

things one would lose if relationship were to end

Front 10

outcomes - cl alt =

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dependence or independence

Front 11

four types of relationships

Back 11

happy stable, unhappy stable, happy unstable, unhappy unstable

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happy stable

Back 12

outcome > cl and cl alt

Front 13

unhappy unstable

Back 13

cl alt> cl > outcomes

Front 14

principle of lesser interest

Back 14

partner who depends less on a relationship has more power in that relationship

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economy of relationships

Back 15

reward to cost ratio of 5 to 1

like gains but hate loss

negative behaviors weigh more

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approach motivation

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try to satisfy appetite for desirable experiences

Front 17

avoidance motivation

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desire to avoid costs

Front 18

two types of motivation

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approach and avoidant

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flourishing

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both motivations

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distressed

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neither motivation

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precarious

Back 21

compelling attraction and danger

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boring

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safe but dull

Front 23

self expansion model

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attracted to partners that expand our interests skills experiences

Front 24

relational turbulence

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period of adjustment and turmoil as new partners become accustumed to increasing interdependence

Front 25

unanticpated costs of interdependence

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lack of effort

interdependency is magnifying glass

access to weaponry

unwelcomed surprised

unrealistic expectations

Front 26

nature of dependency

Back 26

when a good deal, want to keep partner content

Front 27

exchange relationship

Back 27

people do favors and expect to be repaid

Front 28

communal

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provide favors or support without expecting repayment

Front 29

communal scale

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motivation to be responsive to a partners needs. high means they enhoy making sacrifice

Front 30

equitable relationships

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each partner gains benefits that are proportional to their contributions.

your outcome/ contributions = partner outcome/ contributions

Front 31

overbenefit vs underbenefit

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receive better outcomes than deserved or less than should,

Better to be over

Front 32

3 ways to restore equity

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actual equity, psychological equity- change perception and convince self or abandon

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overbenefited =

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less relaxed and content

Front 34

two important places for equity

Back 34

household tasks and childcare

Front 35

commitment

Back 35

desire for relationship to continue and the inclination to work to maintain it

Front 36

investment model

Back 36

commitment emerges from all of the elements of social exchange associated with CLs and CLalts

Front 37

personal commitment

Back 37

want to continue relationship b/c attracted to partner and relationship is satisfying

Front 38

constraint commitment

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feel they have to stay because it would be costly to leave

Front 39

moral commitment

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moreal obligation to partner

Front 40

3 forms of commitment

Back 40

personal, constraint, moral

Front 41

relationship maintenance mechanisms

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behaviors to preserve or enhance relationship and reinforce commitment

Front 42

accomodation

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refrain from parters provaction with response of your own

Front 43

willingness to sarcrifice

Back 43

sacrifice own self interest for good of relationship

Front 44

perceived superiority

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think relationships are better than those of other people

Front 45

3 relationship maintenance mechanisms

Back 45

accomodation

willingness to sacrifice

perceived superiority

Front 46

interactions

Back 46

individuals enact behaviors in the presence of others

Front 47

structure of outcome interdependence

Back 47

patterns of outcomes resulting from interacting partners of each of the behavioral options of repetoire

Front 48

4 properties of interdepence

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degree of dependence

mutuality of dependence

correspondence of outcomes

basis for dependence

Front 49

degree of dependence

Back 49

extent to which each individual needs partner

Front 50

mutuality of dependence

Back 50

extent partners are mutually versus unilaterally dependent. need one another

Front 51

correspondence of outcomes

Back 51

partners similarly evaluate enactment of joint behaviors

Front 52

basis for dependence

Back 52

interaction is governed by exchange versus coordination

Front 53

given situation

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each partners immediate personal well being in a specific situation

Front 54

transformation of motivation

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leads individuals to relinquish immediate self interest and act on the basis of broader considerations

Front 55

effective situation

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modified preferenced resulting from transformation process

Front 56

types of transformation

Back 56

maxown

max other

min other

max rel- maximize difference

Front 57

interpersonal orientations

Back 57

relatively enduring. partner solutions of specific interdependence patters

Front 58

commitment level

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degree to which an individual experiences long-term orientation toward a relationship including intent to persist and feelings of psychological attachment

Front 59

investment size

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investment in hopes of improving relationship

Front 60

relationship maintenance acts

Back 60

specific means by which partners sustain long term behavior maintenance

Front 61

prorelationship

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moves toward goal of enhancing couplle functioning

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cognitive prorelationship

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cognitive restructuring toward goal of enhancing overall quality of couple functioning

Front 63

cognitive interdependence

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shift over time from individual based internal representation of self to more collective

Front 64

interpersonal phenomenon

Back 64

quality that is specific to a particular relationship with one partner

Front 65

3 stages of trust

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predictability

dependability

faith

Front 66

friendship

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voluntary personal relationship typically providing intimacy and assistance in which 2 parties like eachother and seek company

Front 67

respect

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hold in high esteem. more respect equal more like

Front 68

capitalization

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share good news with friends and receive rewarding responses

Front 69

social support

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emotional support advice support material support. physical comfort. higher satisfaction

Front 70

invisible support

Back 70

often best help. subtle and unnotices

Front 71

responsiveness

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attentive and supportive recognition of our needs and interests.

Front 72

perceived partner responsiveness

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judgement that someone is attentive. respectful caring and supportive with respect to our needs and aspirations

Front 73

4 components of attachment

Back 73

proximity seeking

serperation protest

safe haven

securre base

Front 74

proximity seeking

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make contact with attachment figure

Front 75

seperation protest

Back 75

resist time away

Front 76

safe haven

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turns towards for comfort in times of stress

Front 77

secure base

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explore novel and daring

Front 78

young adulthood

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learn how to form enduring relationships

Front 79

midlife.

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less friends more romance

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dyadic withdrawal

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less friends more romance

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old age

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more selective. less time with casual friends

Front 82

socioemtional selective theory

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seniors have different interpersonal goals than yougner people. more towards present. quality

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women freinsship

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emotion sharing. face to face

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men friendship

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side to side. shared activities

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straight people friends

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less diverse

Front 86

interdependent self construal

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extent to which we think of ourselves as interdependent vs dependent

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shyness

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inhibited behavior with nervous discomfort in social settings

Front 88

interpersonal effects of shynes

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shy behavior makes negative impressions on others

Front 89

social isolation

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dissatisfied because of lack of social network

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loneliness

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unhappy discrepency btw number and quality of partnerships we want and have

Front 91

4 dimensions of love

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cultural value

sexuality

orientation

marital status

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platonic love

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nonsexual adoration

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courtly love

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required knights to seek love as noble quest

Front 94

triangular theory 3 parts

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intimacy passion commitment

Front 95

intimacy

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warmth and understanding

Front 96

passion

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physical arousal. heat

Front 97

commitment

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permancne and stability

Front 98

nonlove

Back 98

no parts

Front 99

infatuation

Back 99

passion

Front 100

empty love

Back 100

commitment

Front 101

romantic

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high intimacy and passion

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companionate

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intimacy and commitment

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fatuos

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passion and commitment

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consummate love

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all 3

Front 105

lust

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sex drive. hormones

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attraction

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promotes pursuit of romantic partner

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attachment

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comfort and security. keeps couples together. oxytocin

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2 parts of arousal hatfield

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phsycial aroual

belief perosn is cause of arousal

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rubin love scale

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intimacy, dependence, and caring

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self expansion model

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love causes our self concepts to expant and change as partner brings new experiences iand roles. learn more about ourselves

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companionante love

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comfrtable, affectionate, based on deep sense of friendship

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oxytocin

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promotes relaxation. causes couples to act more warm. encourages enduring attachment

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dopamine

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romantic love

Front 114

2 types of american love

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full of passion and full of friendship

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compassionate love

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intimacy and caring. deep empathy, avoid hardship.

Front 116

eros

Back 116

erotic. good looks

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ludus

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love is a game

Front 118

storge

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friendship that blossoms

Front 119

mania

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demanding, possesive, excitable

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agape

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altruistic and dutiful. love is a duty

Front 121

pragma

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uses logic to find mate

Front 122

coolidge effect

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effect of novelty on arousal

Front 123

3 influences on passion

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fantasy

novelty

arousal

Front 124

permissiveness with affection standard

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sex between unmarried partners is fine if partners are committed

Front 125

sexual double standard

Back 125

assymetry between sexes

Front 126

4 themes of sex

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emotional- love

physical

pragmatic- goal

insecurity- boost self

Front 127

extradyadic sex

Back 127

having sex with someone other than partner

Front 128

sociosexual orientations

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feelings about sex

restricted- only committed

unrestricted- dont need closeness

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good gene hypothesis

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dual mating. one for resources, other for genes

Front 130

sperm competitiion

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2 or more men occupy womens vagina at same time

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illusion of unique invulnerability

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believe bas less likely to happen to us

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alcohol myopia

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reduce ability to process when intoxicated

Front 133

pluralistic ignorance

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wrongly believe their feelinds and belieds are different from others, causing them to act within a norm they don't believe in

Front 134

inequality in power

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one partner makes decisions

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self determination theory

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Humans have three needs. Autonomy competence and relatedness

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masters and johnson study

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viewed couples have sex. those who communicate had it better

Front 137

interpersonal conflict

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ones goals interfere or incompatible with those of another

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why is conflict inescapable

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certain tensions always cause strain

moods differ

Front 139

dialectics

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opposing motivations that would hurt relationship

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6 frequnet causes of fights

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personality

attachment

stage of life

similarity

sleep

alcohol

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4 instigating events

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criticism

illegitamate demands

rebuff

cumulative nnoyances

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criticism

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verbal or nonverbal acts that are judged to communicate disatisfaciton with partner

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illegitamate demands

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requests that exceed normal limis

Front 144

rebuff

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one person appeals. other fails to respond

Front 145

cumulative annoyances

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trivial events that irritate with repitition

Front 146

actor observer

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explain own behavior differently

Front 147

self serving bias

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judge own actions more favorably

Front 148

attributional confict

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fight over who is right

Front 149

direct mean comments

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explicitly challenge

Front 150

indirect mean comments

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veiled

Front 151

negative affect reciprocity

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partners trade escalating provovations back and forth

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demand withdraw

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one partner engages in demanding form, other withdraws

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social structure hypothesis

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differences in power of men and women

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direvt vs indirect negotiation

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openly discuss or skirt

Front 155

4 responses to ocnflict

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voice

loyalty

exit

neglect

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voice

Back 156

improve situation by discussing

Front 157

loyalty

Back 157

wait and hope conditions improve

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exit

Back 158

end relationship or threaten to end

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neglect

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passive but destructive. let get worse

Front 160

4 types of conflict

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volatile

validators

avoiders

hostiles

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volatile

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frequent passionate arguments

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validators

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fight politely

Front 163

avoiders

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rarely argue. avoid confrontation

Front 164

hostiles

Back 164

fail to maintain

Front 165

5 ways to end conflict

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seperation

domination

compomise

integrative agreement

structural improvement

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seperation

Back 166

withdraw with no resolution

Front 167

dominance

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one gets way

Front 168

compromise

Back 168

both reduce aspirations to mutual alternative

Front 169

integrative agreement

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satisfy both partners goals

Front 170

structural improvement

Back 170

both partners get what they want and grow

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3 things to do in fights

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dont withdraw

dont go negative

dont get caught up in negative affect reciprocity

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speaker listener technique

Back 172

good way to resolve fights

Front 173

Broadening the investment model adds

Back 173

Perceived partner responsiveness

Front 174

Sexual guest lecture added

Back 174

Hard to talk about sex in our culture. Don't associate pain with sex and communicate

Front 175

Ipv talk

Back 175

Dating violence. In youth. Assumed female connection. Minority compounds