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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Successful deterrence
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1. Definition of commitment 2. Communication of threat 3. Capabililty to back it up 4. Resolve to back it up
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Successful compellence
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1. Credibility (resolve) 2. Communication 3. Compromise (target needs face-saving way out; issues must be divisible) 4. Control - use of force carefully calibrated
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Bush doctrine
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1. Political regime determines foreign policy 2. Grave threats require preventive war 3. USA willing to act unilaterally 4. US must assert hegemonic power for peace
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UN Peace Operations
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1. Peace enforcement (collective security) 2. Peacekeeping (buffer between combatants) 3. Peace observation (monitor truce)
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Functions of force
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1. Compellence 2. Deterrence 3. Swaggering 4. Defensive
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Why do states fail
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1. Decrease in economic conditions 2. Increase in corruption 3. Increase in violence
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Why do ethnic groups fight
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1. Security dilemma - neither trusts the other 2. Importance of territory, issue indivisible 3. Offense dominant when groups so closely intermixed
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Methods of transitional justice
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1. Criminal trials 2. Truth commissions
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Landowning aristocrats who dominate military and bureaucracy
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Junker class
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Institutionalism
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Emphasizes international institutions
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Societal theories
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Assume that state does what power interest groups want
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Statist theories
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Looks at states' internal organization
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Classical vs Neorealism
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Classical says that states seek power out of human greed, neorealism says states seek power for security
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Offensive vs Defensive Realism
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Offensive says states try to gain as much power as possible; all strive for hegemony. Defensive says states only want enough power to remain secure
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Offense-Defense Balance
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Military technology and geography make a state offense or defense-prone. An offensive state is more likely to go to war because it is easier to conquer than to defend.
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Internal vs External Balancing
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Internal balancing is internal buildup of military force in a state, external is forming alliances with other states to balance the adversary's power.
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Aspects of globalization
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1. Trade - import/export 2. Finance - FDI/FPI 3. Migration - movement of people; typically they send earnings back home 4. Illicit - "black market"
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Globalization causes
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1. Lower cost of transportation/communication 2. Policy changes - liberalization and de-regulation, starting with developed countries and moving down
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GATT
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General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade -Liberalized trade in rounds. Came out of Bretton Woods, replaced by WTO in Doha round 1994.
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GATT Components
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1. Non-discrimination (MFN) 2. Commitment to continuing negotiations - "round" system 3. Trade dispute resolution - Due process + rule of law
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WTO
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Replaced GATT in Doha round 1994. WTO agreements ratified in legislatures of all member states. WTO has stronger power of coercion (states act against cheaters) and covers a broad area = services, intellectual property, standards, griculture. Many industries untouched though
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Heckscher-Olin Model
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Countries have more of one factor of production. So they will export products that require this factor. Ex China exports clothes, imports cars, US vice versa
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Stolper-Samuelson Theorem
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Extension of Heckscher-Olin. Trade benefits the abundant factor in a country. Ex. USA trade w/ China helps USA capital owners and hurts USA farmers, vice versa in China. Eventually trade produces Factor Price Equalization.
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