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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
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fukuyama view |
liberalism
wants us to promote democracy and capitalism
believes modern society is the answer |
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Huntington view |
realism
doesn't want to promote democracy and capitalism believes that it will create more war, not less
tradition over modernity-disruptive effects of modernity on traditional social forms
clash between democratic and autocratic group |
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kagan view |
liberalism
unipolar world with America as the superpower an many great powers
conflict between liberalism and autocracy
yes involvement with other countries but more than just the spread of democracy. believes the spread of democracy shouldn't be the most important part of American foreign policy
believes tradition can never win over modernity
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Kurtz view |
realist. doesn't really believe in the inferring liberalist ideology but supports small amounts of interference in the rest of the world
doesn't favor tradition or modernity over the other. believes modernity isn't for everyone so do what ever works best for the state
same for democracy/capitalism and other governmental forms
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zakaria view |
a little bit of realism and liberalism. he expresses interest in the rest of the world succeeding yet he cares about the welfare of the us and their success
supporter of the spread/rise of democracy and capitalism
says that countries are becoming more modernized which is good
says the us should support the development and open up trade that way they can help the developing countries while also benefiting from them |
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realism |
key actors: states
individual: selfish and power seeking
state: insecure, selfish, unitary, power seeking
international system: anarchic (war), balance of power stability when theirs unipolarity
major theorists: Thucydides, Machiavelli, hobbes, Morgenthau, waltz, Gilpin, mearsheimer, saint Augustine |
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liberalism |
key actors: state, non governmental groups, international organizations
individual: good
state: selfish, can be good is they are democratic liberal or can be bad if they are authoritarian
international system: anarchy is controlled by interdependence among states; an international order
change: institutions and structure leads to the possibility of perpetual peace
major theorists: Montesquieu, kant, Wilson, keohane, doyle, ikenberry |
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radicalism: |
key actors: social classes, elites, corporations
individual: actions are determined by economic class interests
state: agent of capitalism and the wealthy upper class
international system: very stratified and dominated by international capitalist system
change: radical change inevitable
major theorists: marx, lenin, hobson, prebisch
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constructivism |
key actors: people, elites, cultures
individual: creates meaning, bound by education, socialization, and culture
state and international: significance is socially constructed through discourse (communication and debate)
change: possible by means of discourse "anarchy war and peace is what we make of it"
major theorists: Foucault, derrida, kratochwil, hopf, wendt |
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levels of analysis in international systems |
individual:
state: government, economy, interest powers, national interest
international system: alliances, norms/rules, corporations, intergovernmental organizations |
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plato |
the republic, society should be ruled by the few intelligent good people
the people who govern are superior in the ways of philosophy and war (called them philosopher kings)
introduced class analysis and dialectal reasoning which were the bases for Marx's analysis |
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aristotle |
first to use the comparative method of analysis
said states rise and fall largely because of internal factors |
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Thomas hobbs |
a world without governmental authority or civil order where men rule by passions living without international authority: anarchy
described life in a state of nature as solitary, selfish, and brutish. individuals and society can escape from the state of nature through a unitary state; a leviathan where power is centrally and absolutely controlled
realism
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jean Jacques rousseau |
described the state of nature In both national and international society
state is an egocentric world with self preservation as main concern
argued that the solution is social contract where individuals gather in small groups and communicate to realize the general will
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Immanuel kant |
advocated a world federation of republics bound by the rule of law to achieve peace
sovereignties would remain intact but there s and federal order
believed that even though man was selfish he can learn new ways of cosmopolitanism and universalism |
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positive vs normative analysis |
positive is descriptive, factual statements about the world and it uses scientific principles to arrive at objective, testable conclusions.
normative is prescriptive, value-based statements that usually use factual evidence as support, but they are not by themselves factual. its the process of making recommendations about what action should be taken or taking a particular viewpoint on a topic. |
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doyle view |
"liberal internationalism"
pacifism imperialism: expansion internationalism: cooperation between states
international market leads to pace and security
liberal states benefit from a presumption of amnity non liberals suffer from a presumption of enmity |
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mearsheimer view |
offensive realism: states care abut gaining power, aggressive action, and seek to increase power |
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types of realism |
classical/human nature realism: states pursue self interest and have a "thirst for power"
defensive realism/structural realism: states aim to survive and seek security and they compete for power because its the best means for survival but they shouldn't seek too much power because it will upset the balance of power
offensive realism: the international system creates powerful incentives for states to look for opportunities to gain power at the expense of rivals. basically a states ultimate goal is to be the hegemon in the system in order to maximize their survival |
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bush doctrine |
-protection of all people -constructivist -spread democracy to protect Americas security -preemptive defense (don't wait until theres a real attack or threat get in there before it happens) -unipolar world -trade partnerships |
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wilsons 14 points |
-self determination -liberalism -free trade -peace without victory -international communities -transparency -peace by arms reduction |
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Medvedevs 5 principles of Russian foreign policy |
-spheres of influence: friendly relations with their neighbors -multipolar world: basically screw the us they don't get to be in control and make all the rules -protection of citizens: basically mess with us and well mess with you -no isolation: doesn't want confrontation but doesn't want to be isolated -respect for international law |
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synder view |
realism
balance of power
3 major theories cant predict change |
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Westphalia treaty |
1648 ended 30 years war
effects of treaty -sovereignty in Europe: rights within own territory -monarchs have power, church doesn't -non interference with domestic politics |
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after Westphalia treaty |
soverignity national militaries increased political centralization capitalism in the west, feudalism still in the east core states: Russia, Prussia, france, England, Austria |
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Europe in the 19th century |
-nationalism -concert of Europe: major powers meet to discuss power positions -relative peace among great powers -industrialization -imperialism -colonialism
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between ww1 and ww2 |
-ottoman, Russian, and austro Hungarian empires collapse -Germanys unhappy about ww1 settlement, fascism comes about and they align wihh Italy and japan -league of nations is too weak to stop Germany, Italy, and japan |
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after ww2 |
-end of colonialism -human rights atrocities led to the Geneva convention -2 super powers: us and soviets -decline of europe -united nations
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ending of cold war |
-glasnost (political openness) and perestroika (economic restructuring) unravel communism -soviet withdrawal from Angola and Afghanistan -fall of berlin wall 1989 -let go of satellite countries -Christmas day 1991 soviet union falls |
