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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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drug used for marrow rescue after chemo (esp MTX)
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Leukovorin
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neutropenia marrow rescue
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filgastrim (G-CSF)
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CHA2DS2-VASc criteria?
Why matter? 2 |
CHF 1, HTN 1, Age > 75 2, DM 1, Stroke 2, Vasculopathy 1, Age 65-75 1, Sc 1
AFib risk for stroke -> > 2 = coumadin for life; 1 on ASA |
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Lab values for dehydration
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BUN/Cr
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Type of bili that excreted thru urine
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conjugated bili
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common indications for hemodialysis 6
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AKI,
refrac met acidosis, refrac hyperkalemia, eliminating water soluble drugs severe fluid overload after diuretics, uremia complicated by encephalopathy/pericarditis/coagulopathy |
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antiretroviral that produces urinary crystal formation
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indinovir
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Tx of choice for legionella PNA
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macrolide (erythromycin)
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PCP exists in HIV pt which what count
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200
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most common opportunistic inf of AIDS pt
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PCP
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vegetations on both sides of heart value suggest? called?
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lupus
Libman-Sachs endocarditis |
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interstitial lung dz with "egg shell calcification" present in pt c h/o occupation expo to rocks
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silicosis
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Silicosis pt prone to which inf
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TB
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Tx of choice for malig-induced hypercalcemia: acute 2, chronic 2
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Acute: IVF, diuresis
Chronic: 2nd gen bisphosphonates, dexamethasone |
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Test of choice for Fe-def anemia from anemia of chronic dz
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Serum ferritin dec in Fe-def
Inc not specific b/c acute phase reactant |
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Predominant type of urinary casts seen in ATN
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bloody brown epi casts
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Acute interstitial nephritis cast
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WBC casts
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glomerulonephritic casts
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RBC casts
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Bx of acute interstitial nephritis 2
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lymphocyte, eosinophilic infiltration
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BCC of skin manifest as what characteristic appearance
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non-healing bleeding sore with telangectasia
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CDC: 23 valent pneumovax given to? 6
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Asthma,
smokers, elderly, asplenic, chronic liver dz, chronic renal dz |
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Anti-retroviral class most likely to cause steven-johnson
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NNRTIs
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Dx test of choice to r/in or r/o legionella pneumonia
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urinary Ag test
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acute compression Fx of spine warrants what Tx prior to imaging?
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Steroids maybe
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mech of hypercalcemia in sarcoidosis?
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macrophages convert vit D to active form independently
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test of choice to distinguish vWD from acquired factor VIII inh 3
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vWD: prolong BT, prolong PTT
acquired VIII inh: prolong PTT Plasma mixing study: vWD PTT correct; inh PTT won't correct |
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Tx of choice for toxoplasmosis 2
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purimethamine, sulfadiazine
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mineral supplement in Torsades de Pointes and dig tox
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Mg
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most common cause of thyroid nodule
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benign colloid nodule
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w/u for thyroid nodule
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FNA
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Calcium fx in Cushing's v Addisons
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C: hypocalcemic
A: hypercalcemic |
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lab values checked before starting accutane (isotretinoin) 2
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preg test, lipids
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renal calculi less than what size will almost always pass spontaneously
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<5 mm
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Tx for larger renal calculi
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lithotripsy
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electrolyte changes in tumor lysis syndrome 2
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hyperkalemia, urate
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post-expo prophylaxis for immunocompromised pt for flu 2
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inactivated vax, oseltamivir
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insult to steps in coag process = basis for uremic coagulopathy 2
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affects platelet aggregation and adhesion
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therapeutic INR range
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2.0-3.0
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lab test abnormality in Glanzmann's thrombocytopenia?
Defect in Glanzmann's? Impaired response to what? 3 |
inc bleeding time
failed plt aggregation b/c mutant gp 2b/3a -> in response to ADP, thrombin, epi |
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age when pt become symptomatic from bicuspid aortic valve? Sx? 2
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4th DOL
syncope and DOE |
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Tx of choice for 1st time attack of gout 2
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NSAIDs > colchicine
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Lifestyle mod to prevent gout 3
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low purine diet, wt loss, adequate hydration
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Most sens/specific test for Dx pericardial effusion
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Echo
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class of chol-lower meds have 30% dec in PNA mortality
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statins
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Behcet syndrome: vasculitis of? seen in which ethnicity? ulcers where? 4
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rare vasculitis c infl of arteries and veins of all size,
seen in Mid east pt, oral ulcers, genital lesion, uveitis, skin |
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class of anti-HTN assoc c 1st dose syncope? ex?
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alpha-1 adronergic antagonists
prazosin |
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standard duration of anti-coag Tx for pt c DVT or PE
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6 months
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chemoprophylaxis that reduces risk of prostate CA but does not dec mortality
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Finasteride
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Finasteride M/A?
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5-alpha reductase inh
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Urinary crystals composed of Mg-PO4 suggest?
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chronic inf with urea-splitting organism (proteus, ureaplasma)
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EKG findings in hypothermia 5
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bradycardia,
PR elongation, QT prolongation, QRS widening J point elevation |
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Protozoan transmitted by Ixodes tick causes high fevers and hemolytic anemia
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Babesiosis
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Dx babesiosis 2
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Blood smear, gensa stain
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Drugs most commonly causing acute interstitial nephritis 4
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NSAIDs,
PCN, sulfa Diuretics (esp thiazides b/c contain sulfa) |
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only Tx measure that will improve survival in COPD pt
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supplement O2
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murmur 2o/2 to this condition will increase with Valsalva 2
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MVP, sub-aortic stensois (HOCM)
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Framingham criteria 9: heart 2, pulm 3, vascular 3, constitutional 1
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CXR CM, S3,
PND, rales, acute pulm edema JVD, CVP > 16, hepato-jug reflux wt loss > 4.5 kg after 5 days of diuretic |
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Diabetic officially have nephropathy when reach what level?
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Proteinuria 300 mg in 24 hr
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Screen for diabetic nephropathy
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microalbuminuria q yr
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equivalent of STE on EKG if new
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New LBBB
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anti-infl agent avoid in bronchospasm
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Zanamavir
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2 major anti-pseudomonal ceph/generation? aminoglycosidase? PCN? monobactam? quinolone?
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Cefepime (4th gen)
Ceftazidime (3rd gen) Tobramycin Pip/tazo Aztreonam Cipro |
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Drug of choice for vertigo
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Scopolamine
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Microcytic anemia in adult over 50 represents what until proven OTW
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Colon CA
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Rare syndrome: rheumatoid arthritis, granulocytopenia, splenomegaly
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Felty's syndrome
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Community acquired PNA req ICU admission if req? 2
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Mech vent
Pressor support |
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Tx of choice for vent arrhythmia in unstable pt
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syncronized cardioversion; shock to match QRS
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Drugs of choice for uremic plt dysfxn? 2 Hormone for intermediate management?
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Desmopressin
Cryoprecipitate Estrogen |
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Test for choice to r/o DVT if low clinical suspicion? (low wells score)
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D-dimer
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Localized disease and presentation of early ann-arbor stage more characteristic of NHL or Hodgkin's?
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Hodgkin's
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Test of choice to Dx acute HCV?
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HCV viral load
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EtOH w/d presents in what time frame? DT?
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6 hrs-24 hrs from last known drink
DT at 72 hrs |
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Pneumoconiosis is
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interstitial lung dz caused by injury from inhaled mineral dust
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temporal arteritis from what aneurysm in?
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aorta
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Hypersensitivity pneumonitis from expo to?
Characterized by? 3 |
Occ expo to fungal
Bronchilitis obliterans, interstitial lymphocytosis, granulomatous lung dz |
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Dx test of choice for suspected osteomyelitis
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MRI
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most common side effect of nitro
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HA
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initial screening test for hemolytic anemia?
other tests/results? 4 |
PBS
Inc LDH, haptoglobin dec, Total/direct bili, retic ct |
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3 substances vigorously reabsorbed in pre-renal azotemia
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urea, Na, water
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Pt on diuretics have what lab value in pre-renal azotemia
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Hold onto urea -> so get low urea level
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distinguish spurs cells v burr cells: shape? projections? seen in?
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Spur cells: ellipitocal cells with thorn projections, chronic liver dz
Burr cells: spherical, uniform spikes, uremia, pyruvate kinase def |
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lab test of choice for suspected CML
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FISH for bcr-abl gene
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role of rifampin in hepatic encephalopthy?
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Rifampin dec # bact that produce nitrogen
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role of lactulose in hepatic encephalopthy? 2
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Lactulose to wash out nitrogenic toxins
acidfies colonic environment |
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Schilling test is
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1. give B12 and radiolabel -> look for it in urine
- if +, not due to malabsorption |
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best screening test for B12 def
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serum homocysteine levels
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1st line Tx for rheumatoid arthritis 3
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DMARDs: MTX, hydroxychloroquine, sulfazalozine
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when switch to anti-TNF in RA?
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after 3 months of failure
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presence of EBV in CSF indicates what in AIDS pt?
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primary CNS lymphoma
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painful retinal necrosis in pt c HIV caused by
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HSV
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3 most common interstitial lung dz in US
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1. sarcoidosis
2. idiopathic pulm fibrosis 3. hypersensitivity pneumonitis |
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Abx Tx for Cx-neg septic arthritis? To cover which orgs? 3
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Empiric:
Staph/Strep: PCN GNR: Ceftazidime Gonococcus: ceftriazone |
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Most concerning side fx of chloroquine
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Irreversible retinal damage
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Most common cause of portal HTN
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Sinusoidal: (Cirrhosis)
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Common causes of non-chloride responsive metabolic alkalosis 2
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Hypercortisolism, primary aldosteronism
Mineralocorticoids stim excretion of H+ in distal tubules in exchange for Na+ |
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rare causes of Cl-resistant metabolic alkalosis
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Barter's syndrome, Gilbert syndrome
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Tx for non-chloride responsive metabolic alkalosis
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Spironolactone
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Distinguish DIC from TTP/HUS by this lab
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TTP = dz of plt -> NL PTT, INR
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Volume responsive metabolic alkalosis -> check?
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Urine chloride
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immune mediated pericarditis that follows weeks after MI
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Dressler's syndrome: fibrinous
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