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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RTA type 1
causes Tx |
cant excrete H in distal tubules
-> metabolic acidosis -rickets, osteomalacia due ^Ph recurrent UTIs due hypercalciuria due ^Ca and V urinary citrate calcium stones, Tx: bicarbonate |
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RTA 2
mech Tx |
proximal tubules cant reabsorb HCO3 -> urine can ONLY acidify when acidosis.
^HCO3 in urine -> diuretic -> excretion of K-> hypokalemia. Tx : bicarbonate |
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RTA 4
mech Tx |
hyporenemic hypoaldosteronism
-> acidosis, hyperkalemia. Tx : cortisone, furosemide to remove K. |
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Fanconi
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proximal tubules cant reabsorb aa, K, phosphate(hypophosphatemia->rickets, osteomalacia) glc(glucosuria), bicarbonate.
idiopathic inherited acquired |
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Cystetiosis
mech causes |
AR defect-> cystine accumulation in lysosomes -> fanconi, visual impairment, myopathy, hypothyroidism , ESRF in 1o years.
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Fabrys disease
mech causes |
hyperoxaluria:
-primary: AR enzyme defect. -secondary: ^intake, ^reabsorption (crohns, ileal bypass), low Ca intake. -oxalate renal stones, nephrocalcinosis, cardiac conduction defects, progressive renal failure, |
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Cysteinuria
mech what type of aa Tx |
V reabsorption of COAL
Cystein, Ornithin, Arginine, Lysin. due to AR defect. -> cystein stones Tx : hydration, akalinization, |
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alports syndrome
gene, deletion structure |
COL4A5 -> a 5 chain IV collagen
-> hema/proteinuria, progressive kidney disease, deafness, ocular defects, thickening of BM. |
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TIMI risk score
use |
Used in patients with Unstable Angina / Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. It is used to categorize a patient's risk of death and ischemic events and provides a basis for therapeutic decision maki
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TIMI risk factors
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Age >= 65
-Aspirin use in the last 7 days -At least 2 angina episodes within the last 24hrs -ST elevation -Elevated serum cardiac biomarkers -Known CAD - At least 3 risk factors for CAD, such as: Hypertension -> 140/90 or on antihypertensives, Cigarette smoking, HDL < 40, Diabetes, Family history of premature CAD (CAD in male first-degree relative, or father less than 55, or female first-degree relative or mother less than 65). |
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TIMI risk defines
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-% risk at 14 days of: all-cause mortality, new or recurrent MI, or severe recurrent ischemia requiring urgent revascularization.
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TIMI grade flow
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TIMI O -no perfusion
1)penetration without perfusion 2)partial perfusion 3)complete perfuison |
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CAD risk factors
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Independent
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