Internal Capsule And Thalamic Nuclei

Front 1

What does the internal capsule connect?

Back 1

1. Cerebral cortex to:

2. Spinal cord

3. Brainstem

4. Thalamus, basal nuclei

Front 2

What is the location of the anterior limb of the internal capsule?

Back 2

1. Between the head of the caudate nucleus and the lenticular nucleus

Front 3

What are the afferents of the anterior limb of the IC?

Back 3

1. Send info between thalamus and pre-frontal cortex and cingulate gyrus

2. Frontopontine fibers

Front 4

What forms the anteiro thalamic radiation?

Back 4

1. Anterior limb of the IC

Front 5

What is the location of the genu of the IC?

Back 5

1. Betwen thalamus and medial globus pallidus

Front 6

What does the genu of the IC contain?

Back 6

1. Corticobulbar fibers

2. Originate in motor areas and frontal lobes--- end in cranial nerve nuclei

3. Axons that connect motor nuclei of thalamus to motor cortices

Front 7

What is the location of the posterior limb of the IC?

Back 7

1. Between thalamus and lenticular nucleus

Front 8

What does the posterior limb of the IC contain?

Back 8

1. Corticospinal fibers

2. Corticopontine fibers

Front 9

What are the afferents of the posterior limb of the IC?

Back 9

1. Superior thalamic radiation: via medial lemniscus and spinothalamic tract

Front 10

What is the location of the retrolenticular part of the IC?

Back 10

1. Behind lentiform nucleus

Front 11

What does the retrolenticular part of the IC contain?

Back 11

1. Optic radiations from lateral geniculat nucleus to calcarine sulcus

Front 12

What is the location of the sublenticular part of the IC?

Back 12

1. Below the lentiform nucleus

Front 13

What makes up the lentiform nucleus?

Back 13

1. Globus pallidus

2. Putamen

Front 14

What does the sublenticular part of the IC contain?

Back 14

1. Auditory/acoustic radiations from medial geniculate nucleus to temporal lobe

Front 15

What perfuses the IC?

Back 15

1. Striate branches of middle cerebral artery

Front 16

What supplies the inferior portions of the anterior IC?

Back 16

1. Recurrent branch of Heubner form anterior cerebral arteries

Front 17

What parts of the IC does the antioer choroidal artery perfuse?

Back 17

1. Inferior portions of posterior, retrolenticular, and sublenticular parts of IC

Front 18

What is the relationship of the thalamus to the 3rd ventricle?

Back 18

1. Thalamus forms superior part of 3rd ventricle

Front 19

To where do all thalamic nuclei project? By what fibers? From where do they receive afferents?

Back 19

1. Project to cerebral cortex

2. Via thalamocortical fibers

3. Afferents via corticothalamic fibers

Front 20

What do the thalamocortical and corticothalamic fibers form? Where do the a/s/p/i radiations project to?

Back 20

1. Radiations

2. Anterior-- frontal lobe

3. Superior--frontal and parietal

4. Posterior--- occipital

5. Inferior--- temporal lobe

Front 21

What are the two thalamic sensory-motor loops?

Back 21

1. Cerebellar looop

2. Basal ganglia loop

Front 22

How does the olfactory sense reach the thalamus for integration?

Back 22

1. Indirectly through amygdala

Front 23

What thalamic circuits pair with the basal ganglia to influence voluntary movement?

Back 23

1. Ventroanterior

2. Ventrolateral

Front 24

What is the function of the interal medullary lamina?

Back 24

1. Divide thalamus into anterior, medial, and lateral nuclear groups

Front 25

What are the afferents to the anterior nucleus? What info do they communicate?

Back 25

1. Receives input from mamillary bodies via mammillothalamic tract

2. Emotional tone and recent memory

Front 26

What are the reciprocal connections of the anterior nucleus?

Back 26

1. W/ cingulate gyrus and hypothalamus

Front 27

What are the reciprocal loops of the dorsomedial nucleus? What info do they communicate?

Back 27

1. Reciprocals with prefrontal cortex and hypothalamus

2. Info= memory, mood, and motor planning

Front 28

What are the divisions of the lateral nuclear group?

Back 28

1. Dorsal

2. Ventral

Front 29

What is the function of the dorsal division of the lateral nuclear group?

Back 29

1. Interpretation of visual and other sensory stimuli

2. Relay multisensory to areas in parietal, occipital, temporal, and cingulate gyrus

Front 30

What are the nuclei of the dorsal division of the lateral nuclear group?

Back 30

1. Pulvinar

2. Lateral posterior

3. Lateral dorsal

Front 31

What are the nuceli of the ventral division of the lateral nuclear group?

Back 31

1. Ventral anterior

2. Ventral lateral

3. Ventral posterior

Front 32

What is the function of the VA?

Back 32

1. Influence activities of motor cortices

Front 33

From where does the VL receive input?

Back 33

1. Cerebellum

2. Red nucleus

Front 34

What is the function of the VL?

Back 34

1. Motor activity

2. Motor planning

Front 35

What are the divisions of the ventral posterior nucleus?

Back 35

1. VPL (PLVN)

2. VPM (PMVN)

Front 36

From where does the VPL receive afferents? To where does it project?

Back 36

1. Afferents= spinal lemniscus and medial lemniscus

2. Projects to primary sensory cortex

Front 37

From where does the VPM receive input? To where does it project?

Back 37

1. Trigeminal lemniscus via trigeminothalamic tract

2. Taste via solitariothalamic tract

3. Projects to primary sensory cortex

Front 38

What is the location of the medial/lateral geniculate nuclei?

Back 38

1. Inferior on pulvinar nucleus

Front 39

What is the afferent/efferent function of the MGN?

Back 39

1. Afferent: receives bilateral auditory information from inferior colliculus

2. Efferent: sends to primary auditory cortex via geniculocortical fibers of acoutsic radiations

Front 40

What is the afferent/efferent function of the LGN?

Back 40

1. Afferent: receives input from ipsilateral retinae

2. Efferent: primary visual cortex via geniculocalcarine fibers of optic radiations

Front 41

What is the location of the intralaminar nuclei?

Back 41

1. Internal medullary lamina

Front 42

What is the afferent/efferent function of the intralaminar nuclei?

Back 42

1. Afferent: receive from reticular formation, spnothalmaic, and trigeminothalamic tracts

2. Efferent: cerebral cortex and corpus striatum

Front 43

In what are the intralaminar nuclei involved?

Back 43

1. Arousal

2. Pain perception

3. Alertness

Front 44

What is the main blood supply to the thalamus?

Back 44

1. Posterior cerebral a

2. Posterior communicating aa

3. Also: anterior choroidal

Front 45

What are the afferents/efferents of the reticular nucleus?

Back 45

1. Afferent: globus pallidus, reticular formation

2. Efferent: disinhibit thalamic nuclei; stimulate movement----> regulates thalamus activity