Inter Science

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As a bright object moves towards you, light waves

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closer together or become shorter(blue shifted)

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Cooler areas on the photoshere that appears darker than the surrouning areas on the sun

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Coronal holes

Front 3

Violent eruptions of particels & radiation from the surface of the sun

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solar flares

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Arc of gas ejected from the sun

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prominence

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The sun and the earth are located in

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a spiral arm of the Milky Way

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Our sun is

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average star size

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Calculated by the Hubble constatn the age of the universe is

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13 billion years

Front 8

The theory that the universe began

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Big Bang Theory

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The shape of the Milky Way galaxy is

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Spiral

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The Milky way

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belongs to a small cluster of galaxies knonw as the Local Group

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When the Sun's light is blocked becasue the Moon's shadow falls upon the Earth

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Solar eclipse

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The hottest star

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white

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Vernal equinox and Autumnal equinox

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nebula

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How bright a star appears from earth

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apparent magnitude

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Where stars form

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Nebula

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Earths atmoshpere contains more _________than any other substance

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Nitrogen and oxygen

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Condensation nuclei are particles of atmoshperic dust around which

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cloud droplest form

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Temperature to which air must be cooled at constanct pressure to reach saturation

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dew point

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the gas formed by adding a third oxygen atom to an oxygenmolecule

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ozone

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heat that is stored in a substance

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latent heat

Front 21

an air mass's ability to resist rising

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stability

Front 22

the transfer of energy through space by electromagnetic waves

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radiation

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cloud droplets collide to form larger droplest in a process called

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coalescence

Front 24

the amount of energy the atomshpere absorbs depends in part on its level of

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Carbon dioxide

Front 25

You run over the hot sand, burns your feet what type of hear transfer is this

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Conduction

Front 26

Current short-term in variatins in the atmoshere are referred to as

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Weather

Front 27

Lines on a map that connect point of equal or constant values are

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isopleths

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Systems that lie between the poles and about 60 degrees latitude in bothe hemispheres

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polar easterlies

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Winds that flow between 30 degrees and 60 degrees north abd south latitude

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prevailing westerlies

Front 30

how do galaxies classified as E3 and E7 differ?

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E3 galaxies have less elongated elliptical shapes

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What are the characteristics of a glaxy that is classified as SBa?

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a barred spiral glaxy with tightly wound arms and a large, bright nucleus

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a record of weather data for a particular site at a particular time is using symbols is called

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station model

Front 33

High altitude clouds usually made of ice are

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cirrus

Front 34

the energy that drives the water cycle

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sun

Front 35

winds traveling at high speeds that encircle the Earth are called the

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jet stream

Front 36

examples of convection can be found in

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-the inner layer of the earth magma
-the atmosphere
-the innerlayers of the sun

Front 37

Which of the following plays an important role in convection?

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warm material rises, while cooler more dense material sinks

Front 38

The constant movement of water between the atmosphere and the Earth's surface is

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the water cycle

Front 39

polar and tropical regions maintain fairly constant temperatures because

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the continual motion of air and water reallocates heat energy throughout the Earth

Front 40

the exchange of heat or moisture with the surface over which an air mass travels is known as

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air mass modification

Front 41

When moist winds approach a mountain, they often drop rain as they rise over the mountain, and come down the other side of the mountain

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cooler and drier

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outermost layer of the atmosphere

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exosphere

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contains concentrated ozone

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stratosphere

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most weather occurs here

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troposphere

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cold dense air that displaces warm air, forcing the warm air up

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cold front

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narrow region separating any two air masses of different desities

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front

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advancing warm air that displaces cold air

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warm front

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A wave cyclone begins along this type of front

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warm front

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cold air mass that moves rapidly and overtakes a warm front

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occluded front

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two air masses that meet and do not advance

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stationary front

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an extended period of well below normal rain fall is a

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drought

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An air mass that formed over a continent near the equator would be

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warm and dry

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hurricanes get their energy from

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warm ocean waters over 80 degrees

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The Fujita scale measures

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tornado damge and intensity

Front 55

Which of the following heats most slowly

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water

Front 56

the energy needed to raise a given volume of a substance one degree Celsius is called

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specific heat

Front 57

It is December and the temperature is below freezing. A low pressure center is moving into the area. You can expect

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cloudy weather with snow

Front 58

If the aire is holding 22 grams of water and the maximum that it could hold is 88 grams of water, what is the relative humidity?

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25%

Front 59

The process in which the ocean floor returns to the earth's interior is called

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subduction

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sea floor spreading occurs at

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mid-oceanic ridges

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when two continental plates collide

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both placctes push upward to form mountains

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the force that moves the plates of the Earth

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convection currents in magma

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a fault where two plates slide past one another is called

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transform boundary

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the ring of fire

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-is an area of high volcanic acitivity
-is found at the borders of the pacific plate
-is an area of high earth quake activity

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Where can you expect the most violent earthquakes

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transform boundaries

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the earthquakes that are concentrated in the mid-west are caused by

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the new madrid fault

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volcanoes and earthquakes

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-tend to occur near each other
-follow the pattern of the earth's tectonic plates
-can occur on plate boundaries in the middle of the ocean

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which theory states that the Earth's crust and rigid upper mantle are divided into plates which move in different directions and rates

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plate tectonics

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most divergent boundaries are found

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on the seafloor

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Scientists rejected Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift because he

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couldn't explain how or why the continents moved

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When the Earth's magnetic field reverses

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minerals containing iron turn in the lava which is cooling to form rocks

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Crust is neither destroyed nor formed along which of the following boundaries

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transform

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The San Andreas Fault is located

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In California

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If you plotted the epicenters of all known earth quakes on a world map, the result would show

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the margins of the earth's tectonic plates

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a numerical scale of earth quake magnitude that takes into account the size of the fault rupture is the

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moment magnitutde scale

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the point within the Earth's crust where a fault moves is called the

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epicenter

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only these waves can pass through Earth's liquid outer core

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p-waves

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only wave which is a transverse wave

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s-wave

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carries the least amount of energy and acts like a water wave

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surface wave

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wave generated by vertical motions of the seafloor

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tsunami

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forces per unit area acting on a material

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stress

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fracture in rock along which movement occurs

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fault

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what are the resources called that are replaced by natural processes at a rate that is at least equal to the rate at which they are used

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renewable resource

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What is the ultimate source of most forms of energy on Earth

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the sun

Front 85

Acid precipitation, ozone depletion, and global warming demonstrate what type of effects by humans on the atmosphere

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global

Front 86

which of these is a land resource that can be mined at a profit

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ore

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mineral extraction from underground mines creates waste rock, and rainwater seeping through piles of this rock can lead to

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pollution of air and streams

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a renewable resource is

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trees

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What is the origin of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere

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photosynthetic organisms

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How does ore form

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-crystal setting
-weathering
-chemical precipitation

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which is the greatest source of air pollution in the us

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motor vehicles

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what is the use of organisms to help clean up pollution called

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bioremediation

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what is the process in which a mining company restores the land aftermineral extraction

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reclamation

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which of the following is the kprimary source of carbon-monoxide air pollution

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motor vehicles

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which of the following gases is (are) responsible for ozone depletion in the upper atmosphere

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chlorofluorocarbons

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what is the variety of species in a habitat called

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biodiversity