Intelligence

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achievement

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knowledge and skills gained from experience

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intelligence

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the ability to learn from experience to think rationally and to deal effectively with others

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natural

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(Howard Gardner) proposed a set of seven intelligences, which he later expanded to nine

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interpersonal intelligence

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sensitivity to other people’s feelings

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naturalist intelligence

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understanding of nature and the laws that govern natural behavior

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critics

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skills in musical or bodily-kinesthetics areas are not really what is meant by intelligence-those skills are special talents and that being talented is NOT the same as being intelligent

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analytical intelligence

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type of intelligence we use in academic courses

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Golmans emotional intelligence theory consists of _____ factors that are involved in success in school or on the job

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five: self awareness, mood management, self motivation, impulse control, people skills

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self awareness

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ability to recognize your own feelings

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mood management

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ability to distract oneself from an uncomfortable feeling

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self-motivation

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ability to move ahead with confidence and enthusiasm

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impulsive control

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ability to delay please until the task at hand is accomplished

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people skills

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ability to empathize, understand, communicate, and cooperate with others

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the most widely used intelligence tests

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Stanford-Binet intelligence test and the Wechsler scales

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Binet assumed that intelligence increased with age, so his test contained _______________________________________________________

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questions for children of different ages

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Mental age (MA)

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shows the intelligence level at which a child is functioning

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today’s version provides an _____________ _______________, not a MA

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intelligence quotient

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how to figure up the IQ

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Mental age divided by Chronological Age x 100

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reliability

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refers to its consistency/ if it gives a highly similar score every time it is used

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test-retest reliability

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determined by comparing scores earned by the same person on the same test taken at different times

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validity

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if the test measures what it’s supposed to measure

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because there is considerable disagreement about what intelligence is, some psychologists believe that it’s difficult to

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make definitive statements about the validity of IQ tests

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cultural bias

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critics claim that some tests give an advantage to a particular group because they are created by members of that group

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mental retardation

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have an IQ score at or below 70

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mild retardation

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such people often aren’t obviously retarded but as children they have more difficulty than most other children in learning to walk, feeding than kids learning to talk

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causes of retardation

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accidents, difficulties during child birth, pregnant woman who abuse alcohol or drugs, pregnant women who are malnourished, pregnant woman who have other health problems, genetic disorder or abnormalities

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gifted

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IQ scores of 130 or above. possess outstanding talent or to show the potential for performing t remarkably high levels of accomplishment when compared with other people of the same age, experience, or environment

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prodigy

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a child develops a special skill in a particular talent or discipline

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creativity

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the ability to invent new solutions to problems or to create original or ingenious materials

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diminished

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reduced or weakened

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savant

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a person who has autism or mental retardation yet exhibits extraordinary skill, even brilliance, in a particular field

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highly intelligent people are more likely than the average person

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to be creative

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p

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the extent to which variations in a trait from person to person can be explained by genetic factor

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head start

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designed to give economically disadvantaged children a better start in school

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preschool programs

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shown to increase the intelligence test scores achievement test scores, and academic skills of participants

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fluid intelligence

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mental capacities that allows us to respond quickly to novel situations or problems

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crystallized intelligence

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the sum of our knowledge about the world