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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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intelligence |
application of cognitive skills and knowledge to learn, solve problems and obtain ends that are valued by an individual or culture. its multifaceted and functional. is culturally shaped and defined. |
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psychometric instruments |
measures the psychological attributes such as personality traits or intellectual abilities. see how people differ from and compare to each other on psychological scales. |
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intelligence tests |
measures designed to assess an individuals level of cognitive capabilities compared to other people in the population. |
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Binet's scales |
the concept of mental age (MA) the average age children achieve a particular score. |
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tests of intelligence |
Stanford-Binet scales the modified version. IQ is the relationship between an individuals mental age and chronological age. IQ=MAxCAx100 |
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Wechsler intelligence scales |
WAIS-IV = for adults & WISC-IV = for children |
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intellectual impairment |
below average general intelligence functioning (IQ less than 70), first present in childhood and with multiple deficits in adaptive functioning (eg. poor communication or social skills). |
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gifted |
exceptionally talented, have an extremely high IQ (+130), and extend to forms of talent (musical or athletic). |
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creativity |
the ability to produce valued outcomes in a novel way. difficult to measure, researchers devised tests of divergent thinking. |
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divergent thinking |
ability to generate multiple possibilities in a given situation. |
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culture free test |
the aim is to strip away items in which cultural differences could affect performance. |
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culture fair test |
using only those items that would measure skills and knowledge common across cultures. |
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psychometric approach |
examines which intellectual abilities tend to correlate with one another statistically. primary tool is factor analysis. |
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factor analysis |
a statistical technique for identifying common factors that underlie performance across a variety of tasks. |
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Spearman's two-factor theory |
distinguished two types of factors: general (g) and specific (s). |
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Gf-Gc theory |
hierarchical model of intelligence that argues for the presence of two overarching types of intelligence - fluid and crystallised. |
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fluid intelligence |
intellectual capabilities that have no specific content but are used in processing information (decreases with age). |
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crystallised intelligence |
peoples store of knowledge/ general knowledge (increases with age) |
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knowledge base |
the information stored in long-term memory. |
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emotional intelligence |
ability to read peoples emotions and use ones own emotional responses adaptively. |
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Sternberg's triadic theory of intelligence |
identifies 3 types of intelligence: analytical, creative and practical. |
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analytical intelligence |
the mental processing components needed to solve problems as measured by IQ tests. |
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creative intelligence |
involves finding novel solutions to problems |
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practical intelligence |
finding common-sense solutions to problems. |
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Gardner's theory of multiple intelligence |
intelligence is not one capacity but many. distinguishes 8 types: musical, bodily, spatial, linguistic, mathematical, interpersonal, interpersonal and naturalistic. |
