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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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primary lesion develop from
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previously unaltered skin
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macule
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flat area less than .5 in diameter
ex freckle |
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papule
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elevated solid less than .5 in diameter
ex mole wart |
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vesicle
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fluid filled less than .5 in diameter
ex chicken pox |
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plaque
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elevated greater than .5
psoriasis seborrheic |
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wheal
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firm ir shape
ex bug bite |
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pustule
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purulent fluid
ex zit |
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secondary skin lesion
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skin lesion that changes with time or occur because of scratching or infection
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fissure
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break in epidermis to dermis
-athletes foot -crack corner of mouth |
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scale
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excess dead epidermal cells
-flaked skin after drug reaction or sunburn |
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scar
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abrnomal formation of connective tissue
-surgical scar -healed wound |
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ulcer
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loss epidermis extend to dermis
- P ulcer -chancre |
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atrophy
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depression of skin
-striae -aged skin |
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excoriation
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area epidermis missing that exposes dermis
-scratch |
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dark skinned pts
-cyanosis -ecchymosis |
cyanosis- ashen gray seen conjunctiva eye mucous membrane nail beds
-ecchymosis- purple brown to black |
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dark skinned pts
-erythema -jaundice |
erythema- deeper brown to purple tone increased temperature
- jaundice-yellow green sclera eye palm hands soles feet |
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dark skinned pts
-pallor -petechiae -rash |
pallor- underlying red tone absent
-petechiae- buccal mucosa conjunctiva eye -rash- may be felt |
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asymmetric
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unilateral distribution
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confluent
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merge together
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diffuse
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wide distribution
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discrete
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seperate form other lesions
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generalized
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diffuse distribution
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grouped
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cluster
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localized
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limited areas clearly defined
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solitary
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single lesion
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symmetric
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bilateral
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zosteriform
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bandlike distribution
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alopecia
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loss hair
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angioma
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tumor of bl or lymph vessels
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carotenemia
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yellow discolor of skin not in sclera
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comedo
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enlarged hair follicle plugged with sebum bacteria skin cells
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cyst
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sac filled fluid
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hirsutism
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too much hair
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hypopigmentation
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loss pigmentation cause lighter areas
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lichenification
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thickening of skin
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nevus
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benign overgrowth of melanocytes
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petechiae
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pinpoint destribution of blood
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telangiectasia
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visibly dilated small blood vessels
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varicosity
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increased sight of superficial veins
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vitiligo
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complete absence of melanin
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Naevus of Ota
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slate gray birthmark on forehead
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main diagnostic technique for skin lesion
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direct visualization
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what test is most common for diagnosis
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biopsy test
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types of biopsy techniques
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punch
shave excisional incisional |
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punch
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oval core from center of lesion includes dermis and some far
provide full thickness |
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shave
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cuts lesion above skin line leaves lower dermal layers
good for thin specimen |
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excisional
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remove small lesion
used rapidly expanding lesion |
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incisional
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wedge shaped incision made in lesion thats too large for excisional
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potassium hydroxide testing
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identify fungal infections
scrape scale from skin mix with KOH heat on a slide POSTIVE- spores appear |
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Tzanck test
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vesicular fluid or exudate from ulcer smeared to glass slide and stained
used diagnos herpes |
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patch test
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identify cause allergic contact sensitization use sample common allergens to look for pos reaction
-leave patch on 48 hours unless pain itching |
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woods lamp
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used for fungal infection, vitiligo, pseudomonas organisms
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