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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the integumentary system comprised of?
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The integumentary system is comprised of the skin and it's accessory components of hair, nails and associated glands
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What are some of the main functions?
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Protecting you from an invasion of disease producing pathogens Keeps the body from drying out Acts as a storage for fatty tissue necessary for energy And with the help of the sun produces vitamin D which is needed to help the body utilize phosphorus and calcium for proper bone and tooth formation and growth |
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What is the 3 main layers of skin tissue?
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The skin happens to be the largest organ, weighing twice as much as the brain and covering 20.23 sq feet The three layers are: Epidermis Dermis (corium) Subcutaneous Fascia (also called the hypodermis layer because it lies under the dermis) |
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What is the epidermis and why is it interesting?
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The epidermis is the layer of skin that we can see. The epidermis is avascular (contains no blood vessels), the cells on the surface are constantly shedding and being replaced |
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What are melanocytes and melanin and why are they related?
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Melanocytes: are located deep in the epidermis and are responsible for skin colour Melanin: is the actual substance that helps determine skin colour They are related because melanocytes produce melanin |
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What is carotene and what colour does it give the skin?. What gives a pink hue to people?
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Carotene: is another form of skin pigment, which gives you a yellow hue Hemoglobin is what gives people a pink hue in their skin |
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Explain what jaundice is and how is it formed?
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Jaundice occurs, when the bilirubin (which is when the body can't excrete, if suffering from liver disease) builds up in the body, giving the skin a deep yellow colour |
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What is the dermis and what does it contain?
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The dermis is the layer right below the epidermis layer. This layer of dense, irregular, connective tissue is considered "true skin" It contains: Capillaries (tiny blood vessels) Collagenous and elastic fibers Involuntary muscles Nerve endings Lymph vessels (transports fluids from tissue to the blood system) Hair follicles Sudoriferous glands (sweat) Sebaceous glands (oil) |
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How many sweat glands are in the body? Why does sweat stink? |
There is about 3,000,000 sweat glands in the body. Sweat stinks because when swear is left on the skin, bacteria degrades substances in the sweat into chemicals that give off strong smells |
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What is the main role of sebum?
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Sebum's main role is to keep the skin from drying out
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What is the subcutaneous fascia (hypodermis) and what is comprised of?
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The subcutaneous fascia (hypodermis) is the deepest layer of skin, which is comprised of elastic and fibrous connective tissue and fatty tissue
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Which layer of skin attaches to the muscles in the body?
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The subcutaneous fascia (hypodermis) is the layer of skin that attaches to muscle
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Explain how skin heals when it's punctured and vessels are broken?
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The wound fills with blood (blood contains substances that causes clots) The top part of the clot that is exposed to air hardens to form a scab Tissue then heals (starts healing from the inside, then works it's way to heal the wound on the outside) |
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What can cause burns to the skin?
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Chemicals Electricity Radiation and Heat |
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Describe 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th degree burns
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1st degree burn: has only damaged the outer layer(s) of the skin (epidermis). Usually subsides in about 2 to 2 days with no scarring 2nd degree burn: Involves the epidermis and parts of the dermis. This burn causes pain, redness and blistering. Blisters usually heals within 10 to 14 days, with 2nd degree burns scarring is common 3rd degree burn: Affects all three layers of the skin. In this burn, the surface of the skin has a leathery feel to it and varies in colour (black, brown, tan, red or white). The victim will feel no pain due to the pain receptors being destroyed along with the sebaceous glands, hair follicles and blood vessels 4th degree burn: Are burns that penetrate to the bone or other underlying structures. Both 3rd and 4th degree burns need major medical attention |
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What are some burn complications?
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Bacterial infection Fluid loss Heat loss |
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How can nails be used in order to determine how effective your blood flow to your extremities is?
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Your nails can be used in order to determine your blood flow by pressing on the nail bed and seeing how fast the blood comes back to the nail.
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What are some functions of body hair?
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Body hair helps to regulate body temperature, Functions as a sensor to help detect things on your skin Eyelashes help protect the eyes from foreign objects And hair in the nose helps to filter out gross particular matter |
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Does shaving or cutting hair cause it to grow thicker or faster?
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Shaving or cutting hair does not cause hair to grow faster or thicker because, of the cells dividing and creating new cells, pushing the older cells upwards, so when your shaving or cutting hair your shaving dead hair
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Briefly describe the common disorders on the integumentary system a)Melanoma b) Lesion c) Abrasion d) Acne e) Athlete's foot f) Bedsores h) Cold sore i) Contusion j) Dermatitis k) Eczema l) Hives m) Psoriasis n) Scabies o) Shingles p) Skin cancer |
a) Melanoma: a skin cancer, which has a high mortality rate and is common in people between the ages of 25 and 29 b) Lesion: a general term for a pathologically altered area of tissue that can includes wounds, cancer, injury or a single infected patch of skin c) Abrasion: A condition that results from mechanically scraping away a portion of the skin' layer(s) d) Acne: Is when the sebaceous glands over secrete the sebum, which along with keratinized cells, clog the hair follicle. If the blocked follicle becomes infected with bacteria, pimples develop e) Athlete's foot: A common fungal infection that occurs in areas of continuous moisture f) Bed sores: Are the result of lack of blood to the skin that has pressure applied to a bony prominence g) Boil: An acute inflammatory process involving the subcutaneous layer of skin, a hair follicle or a gland h) Cold sore: are watery vesicles which are caused by the "herpes simplex virus" I) Contusion: A traumatic skin injury in which the skin is not broken but an injury occurs j) Dermatitis: An inflammatory process that can be caused by a variety of irritants such as plants, or chemicals k) Eczema: A superficial form of dermatitis that exhibits redness, papules, vesicles and crusting l) Hives: This disorder is a result of an allergic reaction and produces reddened patches and itching which can be severe m) Psoriasis: A chronic, inflammatory skin condition that is characterized by red, dry, crusty papules n) Scabies: An infectious and contagious disease causes by egg laying mites o) Shingles: A very painful inflammatory skin condition that involves the nervous system p) Skin cancer: Squamous cell carcinoma and Basal cell carcinoma are the 2 most common skin cancers. Basal cell carcinoma spreads locally and therefore can be treated successfully. Squamous cell carcinoma may develop into tissue but doesn't spread |
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