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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of Skin
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1. protection
2. Temperature Regulation a. sweating b. blood flow 3. Sense Organ 4. Excretion 5. Vitamin D synthesis-associated with Ca metabolism |
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Pigmentation
-Melanin |
Black pigment - non in albinos
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Pigmentation
-Carotene |
Yellow to orange tint
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Pigmentation
-Hemoglobin |
Found in red blood cells
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Skin Layers
-Epidermis |
-Stratified Squamous Epithelium
-Avascular - without blood vessels |
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Skin Layers
-Dermis |
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
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Skin Layers
-Hypodermis |
-Also known as subcutaneus layer
-Loose adipose tissue |
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Epidermis
A.Stratum Germinativum - Deepest Layer |
* Mitosis goes on in this layer
* Columnar to cuboidal in shape * Some cells have melanin from melonocytes - protects from UV damage |
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Epidermis
-Stratum Granulosum - 2nd layer |
* Granules in the cytoplasm
* Cells in this layer are beginning to denucleate, getting flatter, accumulating protein and dying |
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Epidermis
-Stratum Lucidum |
* Lucidum=clear
* Keratin precursor is making it clear * mostly flat, most are dead and w/o nucleus |
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Epidermis
-Stratum Corneum - outer most layer |
* Hard due to keratin - fibrous protein
* cells are flat, dead, keratin filled flakes |
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Dermis
-Papillary Layer |
* Made up of dermal papilla(e), finger like projections help with adhesion btw dermis and epidermis
* Also helps with diffusion btw layers |
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Dermis
-Reticular Layer - net like layer |
* Dense irregular connective tissue
* Mostly collagen fibers * Changing patern of lines in this layer is called Langer's lines |
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Contents of Dermis
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1. Blood Vessels
2. Sweat Glands 3. Lymph Vessels 4. Hair Follicles 5. Nerves |
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Glands
-Sudoriferous Glands |
a. eccrine - in most places of the body, made of primarily water & salt
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Glands
-Apocrine glands |
* apocrene secretion
* part of cell is lost with secretion * bacteria feeds of parts brokendown cell and waste creates smell * found in arm put or around genitals and anus |
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Glands
-Sebaceous Glands |
* holocrine mode of secretion - whole cell lost with secretion
* created sebum -> oil rich |
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Glands
Others - Specialized |
a. Ceruminous glands - wax
b. Lacrimal glands - tears c. mammary glands - milk |
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Accessory Structure
-Nails (only in primates) |
* Nail plate - derived from stratum corneum & lucidum
* Nail matrix - nail bed * Lunula - where mitosis occurs that results in growth of nail |
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accessory Structures
-Hairs (pili) |
* Hair shaft
* Errector pili - smooth muscle * hair folicle * sebaceous gland * hair papilla - has blood vessels that givenutition to the cells at the root |
