Integumentary Appendages

Front 1

Integumentary System

Back 1

Body system composed of the skin and its accessory organs.

Front 2

Epidermis

Back 2

Outer portion of the skin formed of epithelial tissue that rests on or covers the dermis.

Front 3

Dermis

Back 3

Dense, irregular connective tissue that forms the deep layer of the skin.

Front 4

Hypodermis

Back 4

Loose areolar connective tissue found deep to the dermis that connects the skin to muscle or bone.

Front 5

Subcutaneous Tissue

Back 5

Tissue under the dermis; same tissue as the hypodermis.

Front 6

Hair Shaft w/ Accessory Organs - Diagram

Back 6

Front 7

Skin & tissues

Back 7

Front 8

Skin - Function

Back 8

Provides a barrier against microorganisms, water, solar radiation, and others. Upon exposure to UV radiation, the skin synthesizes an inactive form of vitamin D. The skin is the most extensive sense organ and is important in thermoregulation.

Front 9

Hair - Description

Back 9

A slender filament of mostly dead keratinized epithelial cells that grow from a follicle.

Front 10

Hair - Structure

Back 10

-Medulla - a core of loose cells and air spaces, surrounded by:
-Cortex - densely packed keratinized cells covered by the cuticle
-Bulb - a swelling at the base where the hair originates
-Root - the remainder of the hair within the follicle
-Shaft - the portion of the hair above the skin surface

Front 11

Hair follicle

Back 11

Has two principal layers: the connective tissue root sheath derived from the dermis and the epithelial root sheath, which is an extension of the epidermis and has an internal and external layer.

Front 12

Arrector Pili Muscle

Back 12

That which raises hair; Smooth muscle attached to the hair follicle and dermis that raises the hair when it contracts. Responds to cold, fear, and other stimuli.

Front 13

Arrector Pili Muscles - Function

Back 13

This response may serve as a mechanism for either thermoregulation or protection in other mammals; however, in humans it is believed to serve no useful purpose.

Front 14

Hair shaft w/ Accessories - Diagram

Back 14

Front 15

Sweat Glands - Diagram

Back 15

Front 16

Sudoriferous

Back 16

sudoriferous gland: a sweat gland.

Front 17

2 Types of Sweat Glands

Back 17

1. Merocrine sweat glands
2. Apocrine sweat glands

Front 18

Exocrine Gland

Back 18

Gland that secretes to a surface or outward through a duct.

Front 19

Merocrine Sweat Gland

Back 19

-Gland that secretes products with no loss of cellular material
-Most common sweat gland
-Most numerous in palms of hands and soles of feet
-Open directly to the surface of the skin
-Found evenly distributed throughout the body's surfaces

Front 20

Apocrine Sweat Gland

Back 20

-Sweat glands that produce organic secretions
-Most numerous in the axillae and the genitalia and around the anus
-Ducts lead into nearby hair follicles
-Become active at puberty, triggered by sex hormones
-Ex. Mammary glands are considered modified apocrine sweat glands

Front 21

Sebaceous Glands - Diagram

Back 21

Front 22

Sebaceous Gland

Back 22

Gland of the skin, located in the dermis. Usually associated with a hair follicle, that produces sebum; Also exocrine gland.

Front 23

Sebum

Back 23

An oily, white substance rich in lipids. Prevents the skin from drying and provides protection against some bacteria.