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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cellulitis
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fast spreading inflammation from bacterial infection of skin and CT
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Etiology and risk factors of cellulitis
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caused by bacterial infections like strep and staph
Risk factors: inc age, immunosuppression, trauma, wounds or venous insufficiency |
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S/S of cellulitis
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localized redness that may spread quickly,
warm to touch local abscess or ulceration TTP chills, fever, malaise |
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Tx of cellulitis
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systemic antibiotics
rule out DVT and contact dermatisis PT for wound care (maybe) can lead to sepsis or gangrene |
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Contact dermatisis
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superficial irritation of the skin from localized irritation (poison ivy, latex, soap, jewelry)
Very common at any age |
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S/S of dermatitis
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intense itching
burning red skin edema |
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tx of dermatitis
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ID and removal of irritation
topical steroids |
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Eczema
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dermatitis, group of disorders that cause chronic skin inflammation due to an immune system abnormality, allergic reaction, or external irritant
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Etiology of eczema: who's most at risk?
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Infants and children are at higher risk, may outgrow with age
geriatric population has inc risk |
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S/S eczema
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red or brown-gray, itchy, lichenified skin plaques (thick and rubbery)
oozing and crusting of patchy areas of irritation (children) |
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tx of eczema
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topical or oral corticosteroids, oral antibiotics, antihistamines
Cold compression Stress management techniques avoid extreme temps |
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Dry gangrene
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loss of vascular supply resulting in local tissue death
Hardened tissue isn't painful, but line of demarcation may be sig painful Develops slowly, may result in autoamputation |
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Etiology of dry gangrene, who gets it?
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common in DM, atherosclerosis
Infection is not usually present, however, can progress to wet gangrene if infection occurs |
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S/S of dry gangrene
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dark brown or black nonviable tissue that becomes a hardened mass (mummified)
May c/o cold or numb skin, may be painful |
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tx of dry gangrene
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serious medical condition, immediate attention
pharm, surgery, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy |
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tx of eczema
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topical or oral corticosteroids, oral antibiotics, antihistamines
Cold compression Stress management techniques avoid extreme temps |
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Onychomycosis
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fungal infection, affects toenails and nailbeds
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Etiology of onychomycosis
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Risk factors: manicures, pedicures, nail injuries or deformities, excess skin moisture, closed toe shoes, impaired immune response
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S/S of onychomycosis
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yellow or brown nails, hyperkeratosis and hypertrophy of nail --> partially detaches
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tx of onychomycosis
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manual debridement of nail and topical antifungal meds
nails may have permanent damage |
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Plaque Psoriasis
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chronic autoimmune disease of skin and most common of the 5 types of psoriasis
T-cells trigger inflammation within the skin and produce an accelerated rate of skin cell growth Raised red patches on surface of skin |
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Etiology of psoriasis
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genetic predisposition
triggers: injury to skin, insufficient/excessive sunlight, stress, excessive alcohol, HIV, smoking, meds |
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S/S of psoriasis
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red raised blotches bilaterally
Itch and flake complication: arthritis, pn, severe itching, secondary skin infection |
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Tx of psoriasis
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control the symptoms and prevent secondary infection
topical applications to systemic meds and phototherapy life-long condition that can be managed |
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Tinea Pedis
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"athletes foot"
superficial fungal infection which causes epidermal thickening and a scaly skin appearance Opportunistic, will rapidly multiply in warm and moist environments |
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Etiology of tinea pedis
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risk factors: closed toe shoes, prolonged moisture or wetness, excessive sweating, possessing small nail or skin abrasions
Contagious through contact |
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S/S of tinea pedis
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itching, redness, peeling skin bt toes, pain, odor, and breaks in skin continuity
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tx of tinea pedis
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topical or oral antibiotics
prevention: thorough drying of feet, wearing sandals in public shower, changing socks frequently, proper hygiene, open shoes |
