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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Universal Declaration of Human Rights |
UDHR 1948 -result of ww2
30 articles of rights for all people by UN |
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Millenium Development Goals |
2000-2015 1Eradicate Extreme poverty and hunger 2Achieve Universal Primary Education 3Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women 4Reduce Child Mortality 5Improve Maternal Health 6Combat HIV/AIDS malaria and other diseases 7Ensure environmental sustainability 8Global Partnership for development
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Caste System |
INDIA occupation based social stratification endogamous groups = rigid social order brahmins (top) untouchables/dalit (bottom |
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Scheduled Castes |
recognized 1108 caste groups -used in indian census
Affirmative action policies for untouchables |
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Collectivism (non-western) VS individualism (western) |
Collectivism (non western) -country first -reject human rights (indiviual rights) Individualism (western) -individual first -liberalism -human rights
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Humanitarianism and the 4 principles |
ethic of kindness
Tipping point RWANDA 1994
1 humanity 2 neutrality 3 impartiality 4 independence
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Republic of South Sudan |
resource wars (OIL)
north- muslim south- more like africa
2nd Sudanese Civil War (Oil) |
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Central African Republic |
2013 seleka coup d'etat
ethnic cleansing -muslim minority fleeing
BUSH WAR |
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Ebola Crisis |
Guinea, Sierre Leone, Liberia -MSF at frontline -WHO slow response > criticized |
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World Health Organization |
directing and coordinating authority for health by UN
2 parts Secretariat World Health Assembly (supreme decision making body for WHO) |
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Medecines Sans Frontieres (MSF) Doctors Without Borders |
french founded Medical humanitarian NGO
need for temoignage (speaking out)
3 guiding Principles 1 independence 2 neutrality 3 impartiality |
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Patents |
20 year monopoly on drug sales -lead to high prices -no international patents
TRIPS- mandated all countries follow patents on drugs
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Generics |
India produces generics India produces AntiRetroViral medicines
India has pro competition patent laws doesn't stifle competition
generics are way cheaper |
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Universities Allied for Essential Medicines |
Advocacy NGO
universities are vital for vaccine production 1/3-1/4 vaccines invented in university lab |
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Xinjang and Uighurs (pron. weegurs) |
Uighurs are muslims who live in Kashgar city in Xinjaing province China
-seperatist movement -state oppression of Uighurs and minorities
struggle between ethnic group and Xinjiang Provincial gov (China) |
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Chinas ethnic minority policies (preferential policies) |
basis of national unity and harmony
assumption: economic growth will lead to political stability and ethnic unity
repression of minorities |
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Rohyingya (stateless in Burma/Myanmar) |
1 million Rohingya -live in empoverished Rakhine province -ethnic rakhine (buddhists) ethnic cleansing of rohingya
seen as illegal immigrants from bangladesh |
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Slums |
urban poor -multiple vulnerabilities -informal settlements in and around cities
Cause : rapid economic development without equity
-concentrated in sub saharan africa
1 billion people live in slums = 32% of urban world population |
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United Nations Human Settlements Programme UN HABITAT |
defines slums by lacking one of 5 indications
released "Challenge of Slums: A Global Report on Human Settlement" |
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Deprivations in Slum households (five indicators of deprivations) ->UN HABITAT |
Slum lacks one or more of 5 indicators 1 Durable Housing Structures 2 Sufficient living spaces 3 Easy access to safe water 4 Access to adequate sanitation 5 Security of Tenure
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Informal economy |
diverse economic opportunities
traders (street food, clothes, toys)
informal service providers (medical, educational, transportation) |
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Social Capital (bonding and bridging) |
Social capital : relationships built on trust and reciprocity
bonding social capital informal (exclusive membership) based on kinship and friendship
bridging social capital formal (inclusive membership) based on civil organizations
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Kyoto Protocol |
1997 UN strong response to global warming
reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2012 |
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Water pollution in China |
increasing rural problem outsourcing pollution to rural sector -lack of state regulation and weak implementation of environmental laws |
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Environmental Activism |
NGO's, Activists, Communities
-emerging environmental activism in china
Warriors of Quigong small village of 1900 people fight chemical plant which dumps chemicals into local river |
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Ecological distribution conflicts and mining activities |
Ecological distribution conflicts : struggles over burden of pollution or over commercial extraction of resources -latin america, asia, africa
Mining Activities: massive destruction of ecosystem and livelihoods -massive consumption and pollution of water -health problems for locals and workers
Canada owns 50-70% of mining in Latin America |
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Microfinance |
lending to poor who dont have any access to credit -lots of loans given to women |
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Grahmeen Bank, Muhammed Yunus |
-won nobel prize -in Bangladesh |
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Critiques of microfinance NGOS (Lamia Karim |
-high expectation for effective strategy empowering women -NGO's priority is repayment of loans rather than empowerment -inhumane manners of microfinance management |
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Gender Inequality Index (GII) |
index for measuring socio-economic disparity between men and women -introduced by 2010 Human Development Report by UNDP
-measured by reproductive health empowerment labor market participation
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Women in Development (WID) |
in early 1970's -emphasis on womens integration in economic development (gender equity was secondary)
FAILED -top down development approach -lack of understanding of local realities=traditional womens economic role in local communities |
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Gender and Development (GAD) |
late 1980's -strong emphasis on gender equity and womens empowerment -bottom up participatory approach |
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Gendered Division of Labor |
gender norms
Female = reproductive sector (unpaid), private sphere
Male= productive sector (paid), public sphere |
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Intersectionality |
intellectual position that pays attention to multiple forms of social divisions that cause discrimination (gender,class,race etc)
-multiple marginalization ex: dalit (untouchable) woman |
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Dowry system in India (gendercide and dowry violence) |
-institutionalized by Marriage Act during British colonialism of India- later outlaws in 1961
Dowry system= economic trade between families - brides family pays grooms familty
gendercide: killing of baby girls because of rising dowry prices
dowry violence: physical violence by husbands and in-laws due to wives low dowry payment |
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Commodification of Women |
"bride wealth"- customary laws in colonial africa
commodification = reproductive values attached to women
economic transaction or dowry for rights to families daughter |
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United Nations High Commission for Refugees |
1950- mandated by UN primary purpose>safeguard rights/well being of refugees
refugee=unwilling or able to return to home country due to fear of being persecuted
principles non-discrimination non-penalization non-refoulment |
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Democratic Republic of Congo (zaire) |
(Rwandan Genocide) Hutu-tutsi genocide 1990-1994 in rwanda led to 1.6 million refugees in DRC
refugee crisis-mistreatment |
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Syrian civil War |
6.5 million people displaced within borders 2.8 million refugees
-many people fled to europe seeking asylum |
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Dublin Regulation |
core principle for handling asylum claims in EU
-responsibility of handling asylum claim goes to country with biggest part in the applicants entry or residence in EU (usually the first country they land in, but in many cases they want to be reunited with family in UK etc)
Greece and Italy major entry points for refugees to EU
tensions in EU over Dublin regulation >Greece and Italy hit very hard and overrun with asylum applications |
