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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are other names of IST?
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the Grotian tradition, the Rationalist tradition, the English School
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How old is IST?
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goes back to the 17-18th centuries
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Important Names of IST.
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Hugo Grotius, Samuel Pufendorf, Emmerich de Vattel, most US founders; revived in Britain during the 1960s: Martin Wight and Hedley Bull; Michael Walzer
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Key Beliefs/Tenets of IST:
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international normative categories are of great importance
there is international society, but it’s a society of sovereign states, not an actual or potential political community of humankind universal values may exist and develop, but not universal political organization the sovereign state will likely remain the foundation of world politics |
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What is the Human Nature Argument for International Society Tradition?
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human nature is imperfect, but not essentially bad
human rationality can lead to: mutual accommodation of interests and mutually beneficial cooperation moral principle can trump over political expediency/self-interest in IR capacity for solidarity with others progress, however, limited by human diversity |
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What is The Anarchical Society Argument for International Society?
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the absence of government above state does not preclude existence of a genuine international society
international society is a society of states which are “bound by a common set of rules in their relations with one another and share in the workings of common institutions” (Jackson, 113) other actors can be important, but states provide the framework for their activities and are thus the most important actors |
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Excerpt from Vattel, The Law of Nations (1758)...
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“Europe forms a political system in which the nations inhabiting this part of the world are bound together by their relations and various interests into a single body...The constant attention of sovereigns to all that goes on, the custom of resident ministers, the continual negotiations that take place, make of modern Europe a sort of republic, whose members – each independent, but all bound together by a common interest – unite for the maintenance of order and the preservation of [state] liberty. This is what has given rise to the well-known principle of the balance of power, by which is meant an arrangement of affairs so that no state shall be in a position to have absolute mastery and dominate over others.”
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IST on The Society of States...
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a normative association; it has its own morality and law that are distinct from domestic morality and law
state leaders have not just national responsibility, but also international responsibility deontological ethic: outcomes cannot be sought in contravention of rules |
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IST on International Order..
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the main purpose of the society of states is promotion and preservation of international order
order – “a pattern of international activity that sustains those goals of the society of states that are elementary, primary and universal” (H. Bull) 3 elementary goals: 1) the limitation of violence, 2) the keeping of promises and 3) the stability of possession the special role of the great powers in promotion and preservation of international order |
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IST on International Justice...
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important, but can’t exist without order
traditional international justice - commutative justice - based on binding international rules law enforcement does exist internationally, even if it is uncertain more recent calls for distributive justice and justice for individuals |
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What about The International Society Tradition Today?
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debates between pluralist and solidarist wings
pluralists closer to realists, solidarists closer to liberals pluralists worry about going beyond international consensus on justice in a diverse world – may undermine order solidarists want to promote liberal ideas of justice |
