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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Entry into force of the Lisbon treaty |
This Treaty shall enter into force on 1 January 2009 provided that all the instruments of ratification have been deposited, or failing that on the first day of the month following the deposit of the instrument of ratification by the last signatory State to take this step (Ireland approved 02.10.'09, Polish signed 10.10., and Czechs on 03.11.2009. which is why it entered into force on the 01.12.2009.) |
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Lisbon treaty |
Political agreement october 2007 Signature 13 December 2007 Ratification! (Ireland two referendums, then polish and czechs) |
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Lisbon treaty Institutions |
- European parliament - European council - Council - European commission - Court of Justice - European Central Bank - Court of Audiotrs |
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European Council I |
- shall provide the union with the necessary impetus (stimulus) for its development and shall define the general political directions and priorities - shall not exercise legislative functions - shall consist of the Heads of State or Government of the MS, together with its President and the President of the Commission. The High Representative for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy shall take part. |
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European Council II |
- shall meet twice every six months (special meetings possible) - unless provided otherwise decisions by consensus - The European Council shall elect its President, by a qualified majority, for a term of 2 1/2 years, renewable once (same thing to end his/hers term) |
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Fiscal compact (Eurosummit) |
TSCG, Treaty on Stability, Coordination and Governance in the Economic and Monetary Union. - Heads of State (Eurozone) meet informally in Euro Summit meetings, with the president of the European Comission and the president of the ECB. - President of the Euro Summit appointed with simple majority by eurozone's heads of states at the same time as the European Council and for the same term. - At least twice a year, when necessary. |
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Law making at the European level (key actors) |
European parliament - represantatives of the people of the MS/Union's citzens, its role depends on the procedure applied (Lisbon treaty: co-decision = ordinary legislative procedure) Council - representatives of the MS at ministerial level, key decision taking body Comission - The members shall, in the general interest of the Community, be completely independent, produces legislative proposals |
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The Commission |
- One per member state ("Ireland") - acts by a majority of its Members (in practice a consensus solution is sought) - term of office: 5 years (renewable) - appointed by qualified majority, approval/consent of the European Parliament is required - a Member shall resign if the President so requests (old: after obtaining the approval of the College) |
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Administrative body of the Commission |
- divided into directorates-generales (DGs) - The DGs and equivalent departments shall normally be divided into directorates and directorates into units
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Commission and Eurpoean Parliament (Commission appointment) |
- Commission president AND commission as a body are subject to EP agreement. - Motion of censure - That means that Members of the Commission have to resign as a body, when 2/3 majority of the votes are cast, representing a majority of EP members. |
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Commission president appointment - lisbon treaty |
Commission president - European Council by qualified majority proposes to the EP a candidate who shall be elected by the EP by a majority of its component members (if this fails -> new candidate)
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Appointment of other members of the commission |
The Council, by common accord with the President-elect, shall adopt the list of the other persons whom it proposes for appointment as Commission members. The President, the High Representative and the other members of the Commission shall be subject as a body to a vote of consent by the EP. On the basis of this consent -> appointment by the European Council, acting by a qualified majority |
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The Commission president Nice vs. Lisbon |
Nice - the council (meeting in the composition of Heads of State or Government, qualified majority) nominates, approved by EP Lisbon - taking into account the elections to the EP, and after having held the appropriate consultations, the European Council (qualified majority) proposes a candidate, and then he is elected by EP, by a majority of its component members. |
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Leading candidates system/Spitzenkandidatensystem |
- EP urges the European parties to nominate candidates for the presidency, parliamentary electoral campaign, presenting their progamm in all MS - Turnout enhanced by addressing the European dimension of politics - the candidate for Commission president, who wins the most seats in the Parliament will be the first to be considered. |
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What did Hungarian and the UK right-wing nutters complain about' |
only one candidate, voters not informed, secret ballot |
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High Representative Appointment Lisbon Treaty |
By the European Council, by a qualified majority, with the agreement of the Commission President. "Dobule headed" - he/she presides over the Foreign Affairs Council |
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Commission (rules of procedure) |
- meet at least once a week (wednesday, commission day) - meetings of the commission shall not be public - decisions are taken at meetings/by written procedure/by empowerement/by delegation |
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Commission - Cooperation and coordination between departments |
- effective coordination from the beginning, legitimate interest in the initiative - legal service shall be consulted - in the event of disagreement, append to its proposal the differing views |
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European parliament I |
Lisbon Treaty: 750 max (range: 6-96 per MS)+president Old: 736 members, transitional measure: 754, after Croatia: 766 - degressively proportional representation - elected by direct universal suffrage in a free and secret ballot - the MEP represent the EU's more than 500 million citizens - five year renewable term - members do not sit in national delegations but according to their political affinities, in transnational groups - save as otherwise provided, EP acts by a majority of the votes cast (Nice was absolute) |
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Interim measures 2009-2014 |
Lisbon said max 750, lots of countries got some seats, Germany lost 3, and that made up 750 + president. But with Croatia's 12 seats and 3 seats returned to Germany it's now 766 |
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Turnout 2009 elections |
- EU average 43% (signifacnt differences, LUX/BE 90, SK 19,6) - turnout downfall overall trend - fewer women than men, fewer young people than elderly people... - 1/3 of the electors in national elections do not vote in European elections - lack of confidence or knowledge |
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EP work |
- relevant parliamentary committe appoints a member as rapporteur to draft a report on the commission proposal - rapporteur submits draft report to the committee - the draft report is put to the vote and possibly amended - the report is then discussed in plenary, amended and put to the vote |
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The Council |
- representative of each MS at ministerial level, may commit the government and cast vote - different configurations - libons, qualified majority, except where the treaties provide otherwise - the presidency other than foreign affairs (high representative) shall be held by MS representatives on the basis of equal rotation |
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Council formations |
- general affairs - foreign affairs - economic and financial affairs - justice and home affairs - employment, social policy, health and consumer affairs - competitiveness - transport, telecommunications and energy - agriculture and fisheries - environment - education, youth, culture and sport |
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Troika/Three presidencies system |
* In der Europäischen Union wurde eine Dreiergruppe von Ländern als Troika bezeichnet: sie bestand aus dem Land, welches gerade den halbjährlich wechselnden Ratsvorsitz innehat, dem Land, das ihn zuletzt innehatte, sowie jenem, welches ihn als Nächstes antreten wird. Diese Dreiergruppe spielte eine wichtige Rolle in der EU. Sie wurde mit Beginn des Jahres 2007 durch die sogenannte Dreier-Präsidentschaft abgelöst. (gemeinsames Achtzehnmonatsprogramm)
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Qualified majority, old regime |
- 260 from 352 votes - majority of MS - backed by at least 62% of population |
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Qualified majority - lisbon treaty (double majority) |
- 55% of the members of the Council (15,4) -15 MS - these have 65% of the population - blocking minority (when one of above conditions aren't met) at least 4 council members or, if not all countries participate in the vote, the minimum number of countries representing more than 35% of the population of the participating countries, plus one country) - from 1 November 2014 - until 31 March 2017 may be asked for the old regime |
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Declaration no7 |
IF 3/4 population or number of MS to constitute a blocking minority THEN discuss the issue and find a satisfactory solution
after 1 April 2017 55% of population/no. of MS |
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The council, how does it work? |
70% by 250 working parties and comittees 20% by coreper (I deputy permanent representatives, industry, market, mertens group and II Permanent representatives, sensible questions foreign affairs, antici group) 10% Council (adoption of the agenda at the beginning of each meeting, divided into part A and part B, part A approval possible without discussion, B discussion) |
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Council working methods |
Files go to coreper only when there is reasonable prospect of progress - presidency to advance work between meetings (written consultations) - delegations to submit (joint) written positions (including propsals for specific wording) - presidency to encourage delegations to communicate in advance of COREPER |
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council wokring methods, conduct of meetings |
- no item simply ofor presentation of information (except where debate on new major initiatives) - time limits for interventions - no lengthy introductions and summaries, no repetitions - full table rounds proscribed in principle - like-minded delegations to consult with a view to presentation of a common position by a single spokesperson - delegations to make concrete drafting proposals in writing rather than merely disagreeing - silance as agreement |
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Lisbon treaty Competence |
Competences - Governed by the principle of conferral (he EU has no competences by right, and thus any areas of policy not explicitly agreed in treaties by all member states remain the domain of the member states), subsidiarity and proportionality (Does the action have transnational aspects that cannot be resolved by Member States? Would national action or an absence of action be contrary to the requirements of the Treaty? Does action at European level have clear advantages?) |
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Lisbon treaty Fundamental rights |
Charter of Fundamental Rights of the EU has the same legal value as the Treaties Union shall accede to the European Convention |
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Lisbon treaty - Provisions on democratic principles |
1 M citizens, significant number of MS, any appropriate prosal, where the Union is required |
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Lisbon treaty - General issues |
Co-decision - ordinary legislative procedure ORdinary Revision Procedure - Simplified Revision Procedure Procedural flexibility clause unanimity - qualified majority special - ordinary legislative procedure Possibility to withdraw from the Union |
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Legislative procedure |
Ordinary legislative procedure (formerly codecision procedure) - commision proposes, parliament adopts position, council approves the wording (or doesn't, then it takes its own position, when Parliament refuses, then it fails, but Parliament can modify, and pass it back to the council. The commission gives its opinion once more. If it rejects the amendments, the Coucnil must act unanimously) Greatly extended with Lisbon. Consultation procedure (CNS) - need opinion from EP, but doesn't need to act accordingly Consent procedure - need a consent from the Parliament (EP can only agree or disagree) Commision and Council acting alone Commission acting alone |
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Treaty revisions under Lisabon |
1. Ordinary revision procedure 2. Simplified revision procedure 3. Passerelle clause - changing of voting procedures without amending the EU treaties, EU Council can after consent of the EP vote unanimously to allow the council to act on the basis of QM allow for legislation to be adopted on the basis of the ordinary legislative procedure, instead of special... |
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The choice of the legal basis |
Two provisions of the treaty - choice based on the aim and content of the measure. |
