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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Spruyt's concept of a state?
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Spruyt says a state claims a domestic and external monopoly of force. Non-state actors are stripped of coercive means.
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What is Weber's definition of a state?
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"A human community that (successfuly) claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory. Sovereign, hierarchical, with consolidated rule, has a given territory.
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How does Weber's definition apply to the different ways in which ethno political groups communicate their demands/how these demand are perceived?
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If ethno political groups, who don't have a legitimate control over monopoly of force, compete with the state they will be seen as illegitimate. They are likely to be perceived as terrorists.
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How does a state differ from an empire?
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An empire is hierarchical, exercising consolidated rule like a state. The difference with an empire is that it is universalist. An empires rule is not limited to a fixed space (like a state's) but rahter is "analogous to heaven". The idea is that only one empire should exist. The emperor is like god and rules over the entire system.
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What is the concept of a nation?
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Nations have to be communities that imagine commonalities (even with people they never met). They are limited in their scope, seek self determination (sovereignty), seek a state and the right to rule over themselves. They want liberation for the entire group, hence democracy. A nation is a community that wants or already has a state of its own, this type of community wants or has the spatial equivalent for its identity: the state.
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What is an ethnopolitical group?
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A group that is politically active within their state (not necessarily negative). Their ethnicity has political consequences either in differential treatment of group members or in political action on behalf of group interests.
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What is an ethnic group?
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A group comprised of people who share a distinctive and enduring collective identity based on a belief in common descent, shared experiences and cultural traits.
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What is a stateless nation?
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A nation that wants a state.
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What is a state-bearing nation?
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A nation that has a state.
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What is a state minority?
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Groups that are minorities within the state
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What is structural violence?
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The institutionalization of inequality of opportunity and its implementation against a particular group. Either an opportunity to access resources, or the actually access to resources is limited. Typically the state bearing nation inflicts this type of violence. Examples are: Poverty and lack of access to health care.
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What are the different ways in which ethnopolitical groups communicate their demands? How many groups engage in each?
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They can engage in politics (100), engage in hostilities (28), or cease fighting (47).
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What are the ways groups engage in politics? How many groups engage in this way? What are examples of each?
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Conventional politics: 57 (2+55 groups that did not openly rebel in the past) e.g. Sebs and Croats.
Militant politics (political but some symbolic acts of violence): 43 (3+40 who did not engage in large scale violence in that last half century) e.g. Tibetans in China. |
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What are the ways groups engage in hostilities? How many groups engage in this way? What are examples of each?
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Low-level hostilities (localized violence - riots, rebellions, bombings): 16 (e.g. Chechens in Russia).
High-level hostilities: 10 (e.g. Palestinians in Israel). Talk-fight (groups reps negotiation w/ authorities about settlement and implementation while substantial armed violence continues): 2 (Moros in Philippines). |
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What are the ways groups cease fighting? How many groups have ceased fighting? What are examples of each?
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Cessation of open hostilities (cease fire- but violence may resume if settlements fail): 13 (Nagas in India).
Contested agreement (both sides reject and try to subvert agreements); 20 (e.g. Serbs and Croats in Bosnia). Uncontested Agreement: 7 (Southerners + Nuba Mtns) in Sudan. Implemented agreement: 1 (Mizos in India). Independence: 5 groups + now Montenegro. |
