Installing Oracle 8

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Method used to access the data and consists of processes and system memory is called?

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instance

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one or more of these store the information contained in the database.

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datafile

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Two or more of these files hold information used for recovery in the event of a system failure.

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redo log

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One or more of these files contain information used to start an instance, such as the location of datafiles and redo log files.

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control files

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The information for a single table can span many of these or many tables can share a single set?

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datafiles

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This stores a log of all changes made to the database and used in the event of a system failure to reapply changes that have been made and committed, but that might not have been made to the datafiles.

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redo log

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Oracle needs the information contained in these files to start the database instance. Every time the system is modified, it is recorded in these files

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control files

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consists of items such as tables, clusters, indexes, views, stored procedures, database triggers, sequences, and so on.

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database schema

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Is used to logically group data together. For example, you can create one of these for accounting and a separate one for purchasing.

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tablespace

Hint 9

A database is divided into one or more logical pieces called?

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By using more than one of these per tablespace, you can spread data over many different disks to distribute the I/O load and improve performance.

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datafiles

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This tablespace is where the data dictionary is kept.

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system

Hint 11

As part of the process of creating the database, Oracle automatically creates this tablespace for you

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What does the data dictionary contain?

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information about tables, indexes, clusters, etc.

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What is the collection of logical-structure objects such as tables, clusters, indexes, views, stored procedures, database triggers, and sequences referred to as?,

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schema objects

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consists of rows and columns of data and is the basic logical storage unit in the Oracle database. Columns are defined by name and data type. Stored within a tablespace; often, many of these share a tablespace.

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table

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Set of tables physically stored together as one table that shares a common column.

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cluster

Hint 15

If data in two or more tables is frequently retrieved together based on data in the common column, using this can be quite efficient.

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This is a structure created to help retrieve data more quickly and efficiently and is declared on a column or set of columns.

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index

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A window into one or more tables. It does not store any data; it presents table data.

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view

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It can be queried, updated, and deleted as a table without restriction.

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transparently providing limited information from one table, or a set of information from several tables

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View

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can also be used to prevent some data from being accessed by the user or to create a join from multiple tables.

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predefined SQL query that is stored in the data dictionary designed to allow more efficient queries

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stored procedures

Hint 19

using these you can reduce the amount of information that must be passed to the RDBMS

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a procedure that is run automatically when an event occurs.

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trigger

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the smallest unit of storage in an Oracle Database.

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block

Hint 21

in most systems the size is 2KB

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consist of data blocks and used to minimize the amount of wasted (empty) storage. Can grow or shrink as necessary.

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extents

Hint 22

many tablespaces can share the same storage space without preallocating the divisions between those tablespaces.

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An Oracle database can use four types of segments

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data, system, rollback and temporary

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consists of the Oracle processes, including user and background processes, and shared memory necessary to access information in the database.

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instance

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The 2 basic memory structures associated with Oracle are called

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sga and pga

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is a shared memory region used to store data and control information for one Oracle instance.

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sga

Hint 26

allocated when the Oracle instance starts and is deallocated when the Oracle instance shuts down.

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The information in the SGA consists of three elements

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database buffer cache, the redo log buffer, and the shared pool.

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stores the most recently used data blocks.

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database buffer cache

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Database buffer cache containing modified data that has not yet been written to disk is referred to as? blocks that have not been modified, or blocks that have been written to disk since modification are referred to as?

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dirty blocks, clean blocks

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this buffer stores a log of changes made to the database.

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redo log buffer

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Area of the SGA that stores shared memory structures such as shared SQL statements and internal information. Consists of SQL area and the data-dictionary cache.

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shared pool

Hint 31

important because an insufficient amount of memory allocated to the shared pool can cause performance degradation.