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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Georges Cuvier
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Geological layers of fossils
Species disappear and appear in the fossil record Organisms were designed as perfect whole beings |
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Jean Baptiste Lamark
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First mechanism for evolution
Inheritance of acquired characters Species immutable |
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Erasmus Darwin
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Darwin’s Grandfather
First formal theory of evolution Life evolved from a single common ancestor |
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Charles Lyell
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“Principles of Geology”
Gradualism: geological processes have not changed Earth older then 6000 years (as biblical history proposes) Huge influence on Darwin’s ideas |
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Thomas Malthus
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“I say, that the power of population is indefinitely greater than the power in the earth to produce subsistence for man. Population, when unchecked, increases in a geometrical ratio.” (Malthus 1798)
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population
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a group of individuals of the same species living in a particular place
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organism
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an individual living being
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cell
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the fundamental structural and functional unit of life
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molecule
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chemical combination of two or more atoms of the same or different elements
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how are genes passed from cell to cell?
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mitosis
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purpose of mitosis
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produce two identical daughter cells
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karyotype
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picture of all your chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs
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how is DNA passed from generation to generation?
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meiosis, occurs in germ cells
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what are genes?
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dna, double helix with 2 strands. sugar with phosphate backbone
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locus
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location of a gene on a chromosome
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allele
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variants of a gene
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gene pool
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all the alleles in a population
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how does evolution occur?
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heritable genetic variability, selection
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thomas henry huxley
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english biologist "darwins bulldog" argued man was closer to apes than monkeys
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habitat
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where an organism lives
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niche
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an organisms role and way of life
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biogeography
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the study of relationships between organisms and their abiotic (non-living) environment
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two major factors that drive climate
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moisture, temperature
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native species
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those that live and thrive in a particular ecosystem
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indicator species
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serve as indicator of health of an ecosystem. amphibians, lichens, insects, fish
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keystone species
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flying fox, wolf, coyote, dung beetle
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batesian mimicry
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the mimic resembles the model and only the mimic benefits
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mullerian mimicry
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both the mimic and model benefit
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intraspecific competition
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competition between same species
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interspecific competition
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competition between different species
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gause's law
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no two different species can occupy the identical niche for any signif amount of time
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biotic potential
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the rate at which a population would grow under ideal conditions
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k=
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carrying capacity
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