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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of insect integument
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Provide body shape, skeletal support, muscular connections, protection, maintain water balance, provide shapes/colours/pheromones, sensory modifications, respiration, mobility (legs/wings)
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Basement membrane (basal lamina)
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Continuous sheet of mucopolysaccaride around body cavity, pores through it large enough for passage of molecules into epidermal cells, penetrated by nerves/trachea to reach epidermis
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Epidermis
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Single layer of living cells
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What can epidermal cells be modified into?
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Dermal glands, sensory receptors, oenocytes
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Dermal glands
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Multicellular (secretory, duct, and support cells). Secrete cement layer and volatile defense compounds/pheromones
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Sensory receptors
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Structural and support cells + neuronal dendrites, respond to environmental stimuli
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Oenocytes
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Large polyploidy cells associated with basement membrane, enlarge during moult, may be secretory
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Cuticle
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Non living, lines external surface of body/trachea/alimentary canal/parts of reproductive system, give exoskeleton its specific characteristics
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How is the cuticle sub-divided?
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procuticle (endocuticle, mesocuticle, exocuticle), epicuticle
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Procuticle
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Only layer that contains chitin, also contains protein, divided in to meso/endo/exocuticle
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Epicuticle
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Several layers, produced by epidermal cells and dermal glands, no chitin
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Endocuticle
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Just above epidermis, several lamellar layers of protein and chitin, flexible due to little cross-linking of proteins
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Which layer can be reabsorbed during moult?
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Endocuticle
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What layer of cuticle makes up most of a soft-bodied insect?
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Endocuticle
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Mesocuticle
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Transitional layer, proteins not tanned (like endocuticle) but impregnated with lipids/proteins (exocuticle), contains chitin
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Exocuticle
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First portion of procuticle to become synthesized, heavily cross-linked proteins and chitin, can't be reused and is shed, cuticular pigments such as melanin
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Epicuticle layers from inner to outer
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Inner epicuticle, wax filament, outer epicuticle, wax, cement
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Cement layer
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Lipoprotein, probably not continuous but broken by patches of wax blooms
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Wax layer
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Essential for waterproofing, mix of hydrocarbons and esters of fatty acids
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Outer epicuticle (cuticulin layer)
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Important for cuticular permeability
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What is first layer to be secreted in prep for moult?
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Outer epicuticle
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Inner epicuticle
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Involved in cuticle tanning and wound repair, polyphenols and polyhenol oxidase
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Pore canals
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Passage ways extending from epidermal cells through endo/exocuticle, transport lipids/cement/chemical components, don't penetrate epicuticle
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Wax canals (wax filaments)
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Small passageways through epicutucle
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