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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 characteristics of inflammation |
Redness Heat Swelling Pain |
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4 ways local inflammation combats infection |
- increases local/systemic temperature - delivers additional effector molecules to the site of infection - provides a physical barrier to infection - induces adaptive immunity |
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Addressins |
Adhesion molecules that include selectins, integrins and the Ig family |
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Selectins |
Esp. P selectin. Expressed on activated endothelium, binds loosely to integrins on the leukocytes. |
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Integrins |
Expressed on the leukocytes. Bind to selectins initially during rolling adhesion, then bind tightly to ICAMs |
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Steps in leukocyte entry to cell |
Rolling adhesion Tight binding Diapedesis (movement of leukocytes through endothelial cell walls) Migration |
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Interleukins |
Cytokines produced by leukocytes |
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Myokines |
Cytokines produced by muscle cells |
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Adipokines |
Cytokines produced by fat cells |
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Chemokines |
Cytokines that are chemoattractant |
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Sepsis |
Macrophages in the liver and spleen secrete TNF-a into the bloodstream, get systemic edema causing decreased blood volume. Get disseminated intravascular coagulation, leading to multiple organ failure. |
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Local inflammation |
Local macrophages cause TNF-a to be secreted in the area. Have increased release of plasma proteins into the tissue, increased platelet adhesion, phagocytosis of bacteria. Get removal of infection and induction of adaptive immunity. |
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IL-1B |
Activates vascular endothelium, activates lymphocytes, increases access of effector cells Induces fever and production of IL-6 |
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TNF-a |
Activates vascular endothelium, increases vascular endothelium, increased IgG/complement/phagocytic cells Induces fever, shock |
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IL-6 |
Activates lymphocyes, increases antibody production, induces fever and acute-phase proteins from liver |
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CXCL8 |
Recruits neutrophils, basophils and T-cells |
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IL-12 |
Activates NK cells, induces T cell differentiations |
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IFN IL-15 |
Direct antimicrobial activity, activation of NK cells, induced differentiation of CD4 T cells |
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4 steps of leukocyte entry |
Adhesion Tight binding diapedesis Migration |
