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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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standard syringe sizes in mL
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3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 35, and 50
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what are the parts of a syringe
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plunger, barrel, hub, needle, and dead space
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dead space in a syringe is the volume of fluid...
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....that remains in the syringe when the plunger is depressed completely
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an insulin syringe uses what needle gauge?
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25G, contains no dead space
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insulin syringe is divided into what rather than mL for measurments?
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units
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a tuberculin syringe holds upto 1 mL of medicaiton and is used most commonly for what type of injection?
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intradermal or used to administer small volumes of medication
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what should a nurse consider when choosing a needle?
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gauge, bevel, and length
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what does the gauge of the needle refer to?
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the inside diameter
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the smaller the number of the gauge...
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...the larger the diameter
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what is the range of gauge sizes?
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14G to 30G
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bevel refers to the....
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....angle at which the needle tip is opened
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the length of the needle is....
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...the distance from the tip to the hub of the needle
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needles usually used for intradermal injections are....
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...1/4 to 5/8 in (0.6-1.6 cm) long and are 25G-27G and have short bevels
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needles for subcutaneous injections are...
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...1/2 to 1 in (1.25 to 2.5 cm) long, have medium bevels, and are 25G to 30G
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usually what size needle is used for adults when giving subcuaneous injections?
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25G 5/8 in
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needles for intramuscular injection are...
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...1 to 3 in (2.5 to 7.5 cm), have medium bevels, and are 23G to 18G
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equipment commonly used for and IM injection includes...
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...1 1/2 in 21G to 23G needle
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needles for intravenous use are...
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...1 to 3 in long, have long bevels, and are 25G to 14G needle
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microscopic pieces of rubber or glass me enter the solution when the nurse punctures the diaphragm of a vial with a needle or snaps open an ampule, what type of needle is used to draw up a solution to remove minute particles of foreign material from a liquid solution?
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filter needle
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should a filter needle be used for injection?
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no
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what size are filter needles?
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1 to 1 1/2 in long, have medium bevels, and are 20G
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you should never you an alcohol pad when opening an ampule, what should you use instead?
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gauze or paper towel
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you should break the ampule open....
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....away from you
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before opening the ampule you should make sure all the medication is.....
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...at the bottom of the ampule
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why do you inject air into a vial before drawing up a medication?
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to create positive pressure instead of negative pressure inside the vial.
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why do you keep the bevel in the medication when withdrawing medication from a vial?
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to reduce air bubbles in the syringe
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what is it called when you prepare a powdered drug for injection?
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reconstitution
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what should be put on a multi dose vial?
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initials, date, time, and dose when reconstituted
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what routes can insulin be given?
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subcutaneous or intravenous
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insulin given in the abdomen is absorbed (speed)
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most rapidly
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insulin injected into the arm absorbed at (speed)
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intermediate rate
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insulin injected into the thigh absorbs at (speed)
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the slowest rate
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certain conditions can cause unpredictabel absorption you should avoid....
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burns, scars, birthmarks, inflamed tissue (edema will slow absorption)
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what size needle is generally used for insulin injection?
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25G-28G, 5/8 in needle for 45 degree angle, 1/2 in needle for a 90 degree angle, 1 in may be needed for obese individuals
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if you pinch an inch or more then give at what angel?
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90 degree; if less than an inch then 45 degree angle
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what are location you can give insulin?
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abdomen, upper arm, thigh, upper back, butt; you must give in subcutaneous tissue
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why do you pinch the skin when giving an injection?
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to lessen the sensation of needle insertion
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why would you spread the skin before giving an injection?
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to facilitate needle insertion
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why do you rotate sites when injecting insulin?
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to prevent lipo distrophy
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when administering heparin or lovenox never...
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..pinch, aspirate, or massage
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when administering heparin or lovenox always...
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...rotate sites
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when administering heparin or lovenox IV is the (speed)
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fastest route
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when administering heparin or lovenox IM is (speed)
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intermediate route
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when administering heparin or lovenox SQ is the (speed)
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slowest route
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when administering heparin or lovenox an air lock may be used this is....
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....0.1 to 0.2 mL of air at the end of the syringe used to prevent leakage and hematoma
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always give IM injection at what degree?
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90 degree
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for IM use what needle guage and length?
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21G to 23G, 1 1/2 in long
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deltoid location is found..
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...3 finger bredth below acromion process, bottom is at axilla, forms a triangle, give injection in center of triangle
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do not use deltoid in what age because of muscle development?
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younger than 18 months
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for children older than 18 months you can give how much (mL) in deltoid?
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0.5 mL
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for patients 15 yoa and older you can give (mL) in deltoid?
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0.5 to 2.0 mL-depends on size of muscle. for most patients you can only give 1.0 mL in deltoid
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for this location the gluteus medius is used, it hurts, this is used if dorsal gluteal muscles are atrophying
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ventrogluteal (hip) VG, this site is also called von Hochstetter's site
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how do you find the ventrogluteal site for injection?
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heel of the hand goes on teh greater trochantor, index finger on anterior/superior iliac spine, spread 3rd finger toward the iliac crest, give injection in center of triangle
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what site do you not use in kids under 7 months of age?
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venrogluteal (von Hochsetter's site)
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what amounts can be given at ventogluteal site?
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after 7 mo give upto 1 mL, adults can tolerate up to 2.5 mL, must insure adequate muscle mass if not there then choose a different site
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what are the advantages/disadvantages of the ventrogluteal site?
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advantages: farther from rectal area, less contamination adn this area is free of major blood vessels and nerves
disadvantages: painful |
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what is the preferred site for toddlers and infants, and can be used in adults also?
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vasus lateralis; thigh, anterior lateral aspect; VL
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how much can you give in one injection at the ventrogluteal site?
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can give up to 3 mL in an adult, however it is best to give large amounts in two injections because it can be too irritating to the muscle
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how do you find the vastus lateralis site?
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hand on top of thigh, other hand on top of knee, give injection in the outer middle 3rd
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what is a good position for the patients leg to be for a ventralgluteal injection?
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have client turn their leg inward and this will help them relax the muscle
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what are the advantages of ventrogluteal site of injection?
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away from major nerves and blood vessels and the client can be lying or sitting
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***meds that are irritating or must be more rapidly and consistently absorbed should be given VL or VG***
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info
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where is the recuts femorus located?
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thigh
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how much can be given in the rectus femorus site?
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0.5 to 1.0 mL for little ones, use a short needle
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**what is the preferred site for injection with toddlers and infants?***
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vastus lateralus
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what are the advantages/disadvantages of the rectus femorus site?
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advantages: patients who need to can easily reach this site to self administer
disadvantage: may cause considerable discomfort for some people |
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what is the proper name for a butt shot?
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dorsogluteal injection
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why should you not use dorsogluteal injection in children under 3?
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muscles are underdeveloped
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how do you find the dorsoglulteal injection site?
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find posterior/superior iliac spine and greater trochantor, give med in upper outer area
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what is the best position for the patient to be in for a dorsogluteal injection?
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prone postition if able point the toes inward, it also helps to bend the knee and place it in front of the other leg if possible when in the lateral position
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meds at dorsogluteal site are (speed)?
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slowly absorbed
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how long is the needle used for dorsogluteal injections?
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2 inches
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how much can be given at dorsogluteal site?
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2 to 4 mL, 4 mL usually too much should be given in 2 shots
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when giving a dorsogluteal injection always....
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...90 degree angle, airlock 0.1 to 0.2 mL, aspirate, massage, spread the skin to make it firmer
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if there is not enough tissue then you will need to....
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...pinch, sometime the needle will be somewhat hard to get through the skin
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ALWAYS....
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....wear gloves, clean site with alcohol before the injection, warn client injection is coming, (count to 3 etc)
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change to needle if you need to NEVER....
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...recap the needle
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