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58 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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System memory is commonly referred to what |
RAM (random access memory) |
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What is the central processing unit ( CPU ) |
Retrieves each instruction or data file for memory and processes it. The CPU then writes the results back to memory and directs other components to perform actions. |
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List four functions in which most of the ways that data moves through a computer system |
Input, processing, output, storage |
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Define Input |
The computer receives data entered by the user through peripheral devices, such as mice, keyboards, scanners, cameras and microphones |
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Define processing |
The data is written to memory and manipulated by the CPU, acting on instructions from the operating system and application software. |
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Define output |
The process data is shown or played to the user through an output device, such as a monitor or loudspeaker system. |
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Define storage |
The data may be written to different types of storage devices, such as a hard disk or optical discs, because data stored in most types of system memory is only preserved while the computer is powered on. |
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What is a workstation typically referred to |
Desktop PCS or just desktops |
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The speed of the CPU determines what |
Basic speed of the computer |
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More system memory makes what possible on a computer |
To run more applications simultaneously and process large amounts of data more quickly |
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The capacity of the main storage drive determines what |
How much data can be stored on the computer when it is switched off |
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Define ergonomics |
The quality of peripherals such as the display, mouse, and keyboard make the computer more comfortable to use. |
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What is a server |
Any computer providing services to other computers, but usually the term server implies a powerful computer that supports a number of users simultaneously in a computer network |
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what type of computer integrates the display, system components, and input/output devices within a single, portable case (or chassis). |
laptop |
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describe the main features between a laptop and a pc? *Size and weight *display type *input devices *power source *components *networking |
*Size and weight- laptops weigh between 1 and 4 kg (2-9 lbs.). *Display type-laptops use flat panel display technologies to provide lightweight, slimline screens that are built into the case. screen sizes range from 11-14", 15-16", and 17"+. |
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Most companies producing PC's and laptops are referred to as Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM), why |
This is because rather than making each component that goes into a pc, they source components such as CPU's and RAM modules from manufacturers and put them together as a branded PC system. |
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What device is roughly the same functionality as a personal computer that can be held in one hand |
Smartphone |
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What are Internet of Things (IoT) |
Many types of things are embedded with processing and network functionality. Can range from motor vehicles and washing machines to clothing and birthday cards. |
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What software can control a device if it is smart over the internet |
home automation |
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list some home automation products |
Thermostats, security systems, IP cameras, home appliances, streaming media |
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list the 9 steps to setting up a PC |
1. If just delivered check contents of box, read manufactures instructions, allow 30-60 minutes for components to adjust to room temp. 2. Read the manufacturers set up and safety guidelines and plan the installation of the computer to comply with them. 3. Position the monitor and system unit so the cables can be tucked away neatly. 4. Be sure to have adequate airflow around the monitor, system unit, and large peripherals, such as printer or scanner. 5. Be sure screen is not in direct sunlight 6. adjust the monitor, chair, and position, of the mouse and keyboard so that user can sit comfortably. 7. Connect each peripheral to the computer using the appropriate cable. 8. connect the power cables from the monitor, system unit, and any peripherals to electrical outlets, being sure any cables are undamaged, and the plugs are fitted with fuses correctly. 9. switch on any peripherals connected to the computer that you want to use then switch on the system unit. |
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what is ergonomics |
study of factors affecting the performance of people at work. |
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what is repetitive strain injury (RSI) |
a condition that occurs when the same task is carried out repeatedly for a long period, making use of the same muscles continuously |
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what is the proper sitting position and monitor placement |
monitors should be adjusted to correct height and chairs support back. Should be able to sit up straight with monitor at or slightly below eye level. |
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What is the main function of an OS |
to provide a stable environment for different software applications to work together. It controls access to the computer hardware; applications software can only access computer hardware via functions of the OS |
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what is a power on self test (POST) |
computer checks that the main components works and then loads windows, then a sign in screen pops up. |
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what is the taskbar used for |
manage open windows, usually at the bottom but can be moved to top, right or left, |
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how can you alternatively cycle through programs you have open |
1. Alt + Tab 2. click on the task view button |
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What does right clicking on an icon do |
brings up a context menu related to that icon for different functions |
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What are the functions of these hot keys? ENTER, CTRL + ALT, TAB, SHIFT + TAB, ARROW KEYS AND PAGE UP/DOWN, HOME AND END, SHIFT, CAPS LOCK |
1.ENTER(or return)-confirm a command. 2. CTRL and ALT often used with other keys to perform special commands. 3. ALT key also activates an applications menu. 4. TAB can be used in a window to move to the next pane. 5. SHIFT + TAB moves back. 6. ARROW KEYS and PAGE UP/DOWN, HOME AND END navigate between icons or next file. 7.SHIFT is used to type capitol letters or superscript symbol shown on the hot key. 8. CAPS LOCK to type in capitols without holding the shift key button down, you can also use shift key with the arrow keys to select multiple icons. |
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explain certain gestures on a touch screen: tap, tap and hold, pinch and stretch, swipe |
1. Tap-pressing once is same as using a left mouse click 2. Tap and hold- This is equivalent to using a right mouse click. 3. Pinch and stretch- using two fingers, either pinch them together to zoom or move apart to zoom out. 4. swipe- swiping from different edges of the screen performs different actions. swiping within a window performs custom actions, such as page to page and screen to screen. swiping down from the top of the app window usually refreshes the window. |
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what provides interface between hardware, application programs and the user |
operating system OS |
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what is DOS (disk operating system) |
it is the earliest operating systems for PC, it used a command line interface, or simple menu systms. |
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windows and later applications were marked by the use of what which made it simpler for non technical users? |
GUI (graphical user interface) |
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what are 3 different types of OS |
1.workstation PC 2.server OS 3.mobile device OS
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explain the 3 differently divided workstations OS |
1. enterprise client - designed to work as a client in a business network 2. network operating system NOS - or server OS, designed to run on servers in business networks 3. home client - designed to work on stand alone or workgroup PC's and laptops in a home or small office. |
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What does a commercial OS mean |
the user must purchase a license to install and use the OS software on a particular device. |
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What does open source mean in regards to OS |
it means that the programming code is free to use |
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list 3 open source OS |
UNIX, linux, and android |
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what is an embedded OS |
designed for a very specific function , and you cant add or remove data files, install new hardware components, and upgrade OS. |
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In an embedded system, the embedded system acts as _____________, which provides the functions for interacting with the device hardware. |
firmware |
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there are 2 basic types of firmware for PC's , what are they |
1. basic input/output system BIOS - provides industry standard firmware that operate s the essential components of the pc and ensure that each of the design of the manufacturers motherboard is PC compatible. 2. unified extensible firmware interface (UEFI) - new motherboards may use a different kind of firmware, provides support for a 64 bit CPU operation at a boot, a full GUI and mouse operation at a boot, and better boot security. |
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what does virtualization mean |
means that multiple OS can be installed and run simultaneously on a single computer |
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what 3 components do virtual platform requires |
1. the physical computer 2. a hypervisor (or vmm, virtual machine monitor) *Either type I- installed directly on computer and interacts directly with hardware. or type II- runs as software application. The host operating system retains direct control of the hardware, and the hypervisor must request use of it through the host OS. 3. Guest operating system (or VM virtual machine)- operating systems installed under a virtual environment |
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which dominant commercial workstation OS is estimated to be installed on 90% of the world's desktop and laptop computers? |
Microsoft windows |
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can quality updates on windows sometimes cause compatibility problems with some hardware devices and software applicataions |
yes |
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what is the main difference between a mac OS and other OS |
it is only supported by apple build computers |
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iOS is OS for what |
apple's iPhone smartphone and iPad tablet |
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is iOS an open source or a closed source |
closed |
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Linux is based on the Unix OS. Is it open or closed sourced? |
open |
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what is chrome OS derived from and is it open or closed source |
Linux and open |
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what is Android |
smartphone/tablet OS and is open sourced |
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what is the file management interface for Microsoft windows called now and the previous name before updated? |
file explorer and windows explorer pg 65 |
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What does this PC represent on the local PC |
Showing local, removable, and network drives available to the PC. |
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What is the network object icon used for |
Is a container for any network servers that the computer is connected to |
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What does ease of access help with |
Settings help people with a physical impairment to use the computer effectively. Such as touch screen, voice control and narration, visual alternatives for sounds, on screen keyboard, magnifier, display settings |
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What is a collection of web pages published by particular organization |
A website |
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The website features hyperlinks which do what |
Allow you to navigate between the pages without having to know the specific address of each page often these hyperlinks are organized as navigation bars |
