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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a business process? |
Many structured tasks and activities that if followed correctly, will accomplish a problem. Network of activities that accomplish a business goal using many tasks and activities. |
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What are the components of a business process? |
Hardware, software, data, procedures, people |
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Why do we need business processes? |
A consistent result is obtained. Easier to fix if something goes wrong. Enhances efficiency. |
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How do information systems support business processes? |
Developing a model Simplify processes - break down specific tasks Make them easier to understand Provide relevant data so appropriate decisions can be made. |
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What is information? |
A representation of an object, action or a concept. - Diagrams, photos, pictures, software |
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What is data? |
A value of an attribute, object, subject or cognition. |
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What is knowledge? |
Understanding and skills increased through interaction with other people and information. - ability to produce a scatter plot - understanding the impact on technology on future jobs |
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What is an information system? |
A system is a set of things working together as part of a mechanism or an interconnecting network. A system often uses IT which incorporates Software, Hardware & Data. An IS comprises of IT plus procedures and people. |
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What are the pros of IT? |
- Access to a global market - Access to info everywhere - Process transactions faster - Communicate easily - E-business - Reduce storage space and costs |
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What are the cons of IT? |
- Easier to store rubbish and duplicates - Open to security threats - Jobs elimination - Loss of control - Dependency |
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What are the three types of information systems? |
1. Transaction processing system 2. Management information system 3. Decision support system |
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What is information silos? How can information silos be defeated? What are the challenges of this? |
Duplication of data as a result of departments working in isolation. ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) allows different departments to access data from a single database. Challenges include transition problems, employee resistance & collaboration management. |
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What are the challenges when building systems? |
- Determine requirements - Changes in requirements - Cost - Scheduling & budgeting - Risk - Changing technology - Economy of scale: workers/time |
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What issues must be considered for IS security? |
- Confidentiality - Authorisation - Integrity - Availability - Privacy - Identification - Authentication |
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What are the threats of IS? |
- Computer intrusion - Botnets - Unauthorised modification - Malicious software |
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What controls can be used to reduce the risk of IS threats? |
- Application design (technical safeguard) - Antivirus software (technical safeguard) - Passwords (data safeguard) - Https protocols (data safeguard) - Backup & recovery (data safeguard) - Security - Business strategy (human safeguard) - Undertake risk assessment (human safeguard) - Develop a security plan (human safeguard) |
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What is BI? What are the challenges of BI? |
A set of tools and techniques to enable an organisation to analyse data in order to make decisions for the business. Challenges include aligning data models, analysing data across multiple systems, data currency, data accuracy. |
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What are the pros and cons of outsourcing? |
Pros include: obtaining expertise, reducing costs, freeing up time, ensure it aligns with business goal Cons include: loss of control, exposing confidential information, difficult and expensive to change |
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What are the pros and risks of cloud computing? |
Pros include: elastic access, easier collaboration, flexible storage, reduced infrastructure & costs Risks are: data security, data privacy, government intrusion, cyber attack, access |
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What are the strong forces of the value chain? |
- New entrants - Substitutes - Rivalry - Supplier - Customer |
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How can information systems provide a competitive advantage? |
Streamlining business processes Reducing the amount of effort for simple tasks Allowing info to be shared across systems and be used for multiple activities Providing data to make decisions Allowing managers to track what is happening in their organisation |
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What are the different uses for rich pictures and a business model canvas? |
Rich pictures: brainstorming, informal, simplify a complex situation, engaging, different viewpoints are visible. A business model canvas is a formal way of brainstorming. |
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Why would you do a rich picture before a business model canvas? |
A business process model notation diagram is very refined and detailed. It is easier to select and further refine information when it has been briefly brainstormed. |
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What are the primary activities involved in the BI process? |
1. Acquire data 2. Analyse data 3. Publish results |
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What are the 3 types of BI analyses, and what are their goals and characteristics? |
1. Reporting: create info about past performance with sorting, grouping and summing. 2. Data mining: predict with statistical techniques. 3. BigData: find patterns and relationships with constant real-time applications. |
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What does a data mart & data warehouse do? |
Data warehouse: provides a source of data for manipulation and analysis. Components are operational, purchased and social data. Data mart: smaller data warehouse designed around a specific problem. |
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What is data mining? |
A way to develop intelligence from data that an organisation collects, organises and stores. |
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List examples of data for operational, management and strategic purposes. |
Operational: popular products, average transaction, customer satisfaction Management: long-term income, purchased data Strategic (long-term): area demographics, median income - provides direction |
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What are the keys to making BI work? |
Ensure data is: Credible Easily accessible Presented in an intelligent and meaningful way to the right people at the right time Insightful decisions |
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What are the 5 phases of the SDLC? |
1. Systems definition phase: develop business case 2. Requirement analysis phase: requirements identified 3. Component design phase: determine hardware & software 4. Implementation phase: programmed & tested 5. Maintenance phase: failures noted & fixed |
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What are the challenges when implementing enterprise systems? |
It affects many users and/or organisations. |
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What are the types of cloud resources? What are the types of cloud services? |
- Public: everybody has access - Private: sits within an organisation or built privately and does not exist on the public network - Hybrid: for large organisations. Software as a Service, Platform as a Service, Infrastructure as a Service |
