Information Science Chapter 1

Front 1

Computer Literacy

Back 1

Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.

Front 2

Computer

Back 2

An electric device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept data, process the data according to specific rules, produce results, and store the results for future use.

Front 3

Data

Back 3

A collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.

Front 4

Information

Back 4

Conveys meaning and is useful to people.

Front 5

Information Processing Cycle

Back 5

The series of input, process, output, and storage activities.

Front 6

Hardware

Back 6

electric, electronic, and mechanical components.

Front 7

Input Device

Back 7

any hardware component that allows you to enter data and instructions into a computer.

Front 8

Output Device

Back 8

any hardware component that conveys information to one or more people.

Front 9

CPU

Back 9

(central processing unit) electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer.

Front 10

Memory

Back 10

consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed and data needed by those instructions.

Front 11

Storage/Storage Device

Back 11

records(writes) and/or retrieve(reads) items to and from storage media.

Front 12

Communications Device

Back 12

a hardware component that enables a computer to send(transmit) and recieve data, instructions, and information to and from one or more computers or mobile devices.

Front 13

Network

Back 13

a collection of computers and devices connected together, often wirelessly, via communication devices and transmission media.

Front 14

Resources

Back 14

hardware, software, data, and information. sharing resources saves time and money.

Front 15

Internet

Back 15

worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of business, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

Front 16

Web or WWW

Back 16

(world wide web) one of the more popular services on the internet and contains billions of documents called web pages.

Front 17

Web Page

Back 17

can contain text, graphics, animation, audio, and video.

Front 18

Web 2.0

Back 18

web sites that provide a means for users to share personal information(such as social networking sites), allow the users to modify the site contents(such as some blogs), and/or have software built into the site for users to access.(such as web applications)

Front 19

GUI

Back 19

(graphical user interface) interacting with the software using texts, graphics, and visual images such as icons.

Front 20

icon

Back 20

miniature image that represents a program, an instruction, or some other subject.

Front 21

System Software

Back 21

the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computers and its devices. Serves as an interface between the user, application software, and the computer's hardware.

Front 22

Application Software

Back 22

programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with personal tasks.

Front 23

Operating System

Back 23

set of programs that coordinates all the activities among computer hardware devices.

Front 24

Utility/Utility Program

Back 24

allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs.

Front 25

Installing

Back 25

the process of setting software to work with the computer, printer, and other hardware.

Front 26

Loading

Back 26

copying from storage to memory.

Front 27

Programmer

Back 27

someone who developes software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into information.

Front 28

Convergence

Back 28

The trend of computers and devices with technologies that overlap.

Front 29

Personal Computer

Back 29

Computer that can perform all of its input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself.

Front 30

Desktop Computer

Back 30

a computer designed so that the system unit, input devices, output devices, and any other devices fit entirely on or under a desk or table.

Front 31

Mobile Computer

Back 31

personal computer that you can carry place to place.

Front 32

Notebook/laptop Computer

Back 32

portable computer often designed to fit on your lap.

Front 33

Tablet PC

Back 33

special type of notebook computer that allows you to write or draw on the screen using a digital pen.

Front 34

Embedded Computer

Back 34

special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product.

Front 35

Server

Back 35

controls access to hardware, software, and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and information.

Front 36

Mainframe

Back 36

large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.

Front 37

Supercomputer

Back 37

fastest, most powerful computer- and the most expensive.

Front 38

Operating System

Back 38

set of programs that coordinates all the activities among a computer and hardware devices.

Front 39

Tower

Back 39

tall more narrow system unit that's popular and can sit on the floor vertically.

Front 40

Handheld

Back 40

computer small enough to fit in one hand.