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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Multisourcing
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A combination of professional services, mission-critical support, remote management, and hosting services that are offered to customers in any combination needed.
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Nearshore outsourcing
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Contracting an outsourcing agreement with a company in a nearby country.
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Offshore outsourcing
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Using organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems.
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Onshore outsourcing
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The process of engaging another company within the same country for services.
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Outsourcing
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An arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house.
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Vertical marketplace
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Provides products that are specific to trading partners in a given industry.
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Systematic sourcing
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Buying through prenegotiated contracts with qualified suppliers.
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Spot sourcing
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Buying commodity-like products that are transaction-oriented and rarely involve a long-term or ongoing relationship between buyers and sellers.
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Seller model
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The supplier hosts value-added services on its Web site such as suppliers' product catalog and customers' order information.
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Reintermediation
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Using the Internet to reassemble buyers, sellers, and other partners in a traditional supply chain in new ways.
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Pure play
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An Internet retailer that has no physical store, such as Expedia.com and Amazon.com.
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Online broker
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Intermediaries between buyers and sellers of goods and services.
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Marketplace model
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Allows a virtually infinite number of businesses to transact electronically with minimal cost.
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Market makers
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Intermediaries that aggregate three services for market participants.
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Longer term relationship model
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For items requiring a high degree of planning between buyers and sellers either in the design stage or in fulfillment.
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Intermediary
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Agents, software, or businesses that bring buyers and sellers together that provide a trading infrastructure to enhance e-business.
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Horizontal marketplace
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Connects buyers and sellers across many industries, primarily by simplifying the purchasing process.
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E-shop (e-store or e-tailer)
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A version of a retail store where customers can shop at any hour of the day without leaving home or office.
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E-procurement
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The B2B purchase and sale of supplies and services over the Internet.
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E-portal
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A single gateway through which to gain access to all the information, systems, and processes used by stakeholders of an organization.
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English auction
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The highest bid wins.
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E-marketplace
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Interactive business communities providing a central market space where multiple buyers and suppliers can engage in e-business activities.
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E-mall
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Consists of a number of e-shops, which serves as a gateway through which a visitor can access other e-shops.
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E-government
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Involves the use of strategies and technologies to transform government(s) by improving the delivery of services and enhancing the quality of interaction between the citizenconsumer within all branches of government(s).
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E-channel
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Web-based business channels.
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E-business model
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An approach to conducting electronic business through which a company can become a profitable business on the Internet.
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E-business
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The conducting of business on the Internet, not only buying and selling, but also serving customers and collaborating with business partners.
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Content provider
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Companies that use the Internet to distribute copyrighted content, including news, music, games, books, movies, and many other types of information.
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Autonomic computing
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A self-managing computing model named after, and pattnervous system.
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Computer simulation
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Complex systems, such as the U.S. economy, can be modeled by means of mathematical equations and different scenarios can be run against the model to determine "what if" analysis.
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Digital ink (or electronic ink)
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Technology that digitally represents handwriting in its natural form.
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Digital paper (or electronic paper)
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Any paper that is optimized for any type of digital printing.
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Historical analysis
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The study of historical events in order to anticipate the outcome of current developments.
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Radio frequency identification (RFID)
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Technologies using active or passive tags in the form of chips or smart labels that can store unique identifiers and relay this information to electronic readers.
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RadioPaper
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A dynamic high-resolution electronic display that combines a paper-like reading experience with the ability to access information anytime, anywhere.
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Teleliving
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Using information devices and the Internet to conduct all aspects of life seamlesslyuser's Internet connection in the background without their.
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Trend analysis
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The examination of a trend to identify its nature, causes, speed of development, and potential impacts.
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Trend monitoring
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Trends viewed as particularly important in a specific community, industry, or sector are carefully monitored, watched, and reported to key decision makers.
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Trend projection
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When numerical data is available, a trend can be plotted on graph paper to display changes through time and into the future.
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Virtual assistant (VA)
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A small program stored on a PC or portable devide that monitors e-mails, faxes, messages, and phone calls.
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Analysis phase
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Analyzing end-user business requirements and refining project goals into defined functions and operations of the intended system.
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Business requirement
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The detailed set of business requests that the system must meet in order to be successful.
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Change control board (CCB)
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Responsible for approving or rejecting all change requests.
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Change management system
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Includes a collection of procedures to document a change request and define the steps necessary to consider the change based on the expected impact of the change.
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Commercial off-the shelf (COTS)
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A software package or solution that is purchased to support one or more business functions and information systems.
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Computer-aided software engineering (CASE)
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Software suites that automate systems analysis, design, and development.
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Critical success factor (CSF)
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A factor that is critical to an organization's success.
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Data flow diagram (DFD)
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Illustrates the movement of information between external entities and the processes and data stores within the system.
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Data model
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A formal way to express data relationships to a database management system (DBMS)
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Design phase
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Involves describing the desired features and operations of the system including screen layouts, business rules, process diagrams, pseudo code, and other documentation.
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Development phase
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Involves taking all of the detailed design documents from the design phase and transforming them into the actual system.
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Entity relationship diagram (ERD)
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A technique for documenting the relationships between entities in a database environment.
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Feasibility study
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Determines if the proposed solution is feasible and achievable from a financial, technical, and organizational standpoint.
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Feature creep
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Occurs when developers add extra features that were not part of the initial requirements.
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Graphical user interface (GUI)
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The interface to an information system.
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GUI screen design
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The ability to model the information system screens for an entire system using icons, buttons, menus, and submenus.
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Help desk
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A group of people who respond to internal system user questions.
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Implementation phase
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Involves placing the system into production so users can begin to perform actual business operations with the system.
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Joint application development (JAD)
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A session where employees meet, sometimes for several days, to define or review the business requirements for the system.
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Maintenance
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The fixing or enhancing of an information system.
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Maintenance phase
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Involves performing changes, corrections, additions, and upgrades to ensure the system continues to meet the business goals.
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Modeling
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The activity of drawing a graphical representation of a design.
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Online training
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Runs over the Internet or off a CD-ROM.
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Planning phase
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Involves establishing a high-level plan of the intended project and determining project goals.
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Process modeling
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Involves graphically representing the processes that capture, manipulate, store, and distribute information between a system and its environment.
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Requirements definition document
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Contains the final set of business requirements, prioritized in order of business importance.
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Scope creep
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Occurs when the scope of the project increases.
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Sign-off
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The system users' actual signatures indicating they approve all of the business requirements.
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Systems development life cycle (SDLC)
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The overall process for developing information systems from plathrough implementation and maintenance.
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Test condition
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The detailed steps the system must perform along with the expected results of each step.
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User documentation
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Highlights how to use the system.
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Workshop training
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Set in a classroom-type environment and led by an instructor.
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Change control board (CCB)
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Responsible for approving or rejecting all change requests.
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Change management
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A set of techniques that aid in evolution, composition, and policy management of the design and implementation of a system.
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Change management system
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Includes a collection of procedures to document a change request and define the steps necessary to consider the change based on the expected impact of the change.
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Critical path
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A path from the start to the finish that passes through all the tasks that are critical to completing the project in the shortest amount of time.
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Dependency
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A logical relationship that exists between the project tasks, or between a project task and a milestone.
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Gantt chart
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A simple bar chart that depicts project tasks against a calendar.
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PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) chart
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A graphical network model that depicts a project's tasks and the relationships between those tasks.
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Project
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A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service.
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Project deliverable
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Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that is produced to complete a project or part of a project.
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Project exclusion
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Products, services, or processes that are not specifically a part of the project.
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Project management
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The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project.
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Project manager
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An individual who is an expert in project planning and management, defines and develops the project plan, and tracks the plan to ensure all key project milestones are completed on time.
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Project milestone
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Represents key dates when a certain group of activities must be performed.
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Project objective
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Quantifiable criteria that must be met for the project to be considered a success.
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Project plan
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A formal, approved document that manages and controls project execution.
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Project product
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A description of the characteristics the product or service has undertaken.
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Project risk
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An uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on a project objective(s).
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Project scope
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Defines the work that must be completed todeliver a product with the specified features and functions.
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Risk management
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The process of proactive and ongoing identification, analysis, and response to risk factors.
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Agile methodology
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A form of XP, aims for customer satisfaction through early and continuous delivery of useful software components.
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Project management
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The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities in order to meet or exceed stakeholder needs and expectations from a project.
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Business requirement
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The detailed set of business requests that the system must meet in order to be successful.
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Mobile commerce
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The ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device.
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IT infrastructure
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Includes the hardware, software, and telecommunications equipment that, when combined, provide the underlying foundation to support the organization's goals.
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Disruptive technology
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A new way of doing things that initially does not meet the needs of existing customers.
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Electronic tagging
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A technique for identifying and tracking assets and individuals via technologies such as radio frequency identification and smart cards.
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Extreme programming (XP) methodology
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Breaks a project into tiny phases, and developers cannot continue on to the next phase until the first phase is complete.
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Waterfall methodology
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A sequential, activity-based process in which each phase in the SDLC is performed sequentially from planning through implementation and maintenance.
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Telematics
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Blending computers and wireless telecommunications technologies with the goal of efficiently conveying information over vast networks to improve business operations.
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Systems development life cycle (SDLC)
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The overall process for developing information systems from planning and analysis through implementation and maintenance.
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Sustaining technology
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Produces an improved product customers are eager to buy, such as a faster car or larger hard drive.
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Rapid application development (RAD) (also called rapid prototyping) methodology
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Emphasizes extensive user involvement in the rapid and evolutionary construction of working prototypes of a system to accelerate the systems development process.
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Prototype
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A smaller-scale representation or working model of the user's requirements or a proposed design for an information system.
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Project management software
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Supports the long-term and day-to-day management and execution of the steps in a project.
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E-business
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The conducting of business on the Internet, not only buying and selling, but also serving customers and collaborating with business partners.
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E-business model
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An approach to conducting electronic business through which a company can become a profitable business on the Internet.
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E-commerce
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The buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet.
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Electronic marketplace (e-marketplace)
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Interactive business communities providing a central market space where multiple buyers and suppliers can engage in e-business activities.
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Mobile commerce (M-commerce)
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The ability to purchase goods and services through a wireless Internet-enabled device.
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Insourcing
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A common approach using the professional expertise within an organization to develop and maintain the organization's information technology systems.
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Outsourcing
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An arrangement by which one organization provides a service or services for another organization that chooses not to perform them in-house.
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Business process outsourcing (BPO)
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The contracting of a specific business task, such as payroll, to a third-party service provider.
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Offshore outsourcing
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Using organizations from developing countries to write code and develop systems.
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