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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Spanish flu |
-H1N1 -viral infection in pigs -affected young people predominantly |
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Asian flu |
-H2N2 -from China to Hong Kong -also hit naval personnel? |
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Hong Kong flu |
-1968 -H3N2 |
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Swine flu |
-1976 -H1N1 -5 cases at Fort Dix NJ -vaccination gave people Guillain Barre |
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Swine flu part 2 |
-2009 -H1N1 -from Mexico -p2p transmission, from pigs |
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What is influenza? (5) |
-acute viral disease -affects respiratory tract -self-limiting -many complications -rapid antigenic changes |
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Symptoms |
-fever -dry cough -headache -myalgias -sore throat -nausea/vomiting |
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Causative agent |
Orthomyxoviridae Three major groups: A B and C |
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Type A |
Hemagglutinin (H) and Neuraminidase (N) from aquatic birds |
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Antigenic variation |
-rapid mutations -adaptive immune system -antigenic drift -antigenic shift |
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Antigenic drift |
-gradual spontaneous -point mutations -small changes in AA sequences |
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Antigenic shift |
-abrupt major change -hemagglutinin or neuraminidase -genetic reassortment -animal to human |
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Diagnosis |
-PCR -serum -clinical symptoms -viral isolation |
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Reservoir |
humans - H3N2, H1N1, B |
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Transmission |
-airborne -direct/indirect contact -shedding 24h prior to symptom onset |
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Incubation period |
1-4 days, average 2 |
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Susceptibility |
depends on: -vaccination rate of pop -age and condition -strain virulence -antigenic variation/similarity |
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Immune response |
-rapid -highly specific |
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Treatment |
-bed rest and fever reducers -antivirals (zanamivir, oseltamivir, amantadine, rimantadine) |
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Methods of control |
-education/immunization/antivirals -investigation and protection of contacts -isolation |
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Avian flu |
-Type A virus, naturally occurring -H5 and H7 -carried by chickens -H5N1 - 60% mortality rate -common in SE Asia |
