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6 Cards in this Set
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James Hutton |
proposed that Earth is shaped by geological forces that took place over extremely long periods of time. He estimated Earth to be millions of years old and not thousands. |
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Charles Lyell |
he stressed that scientists must explain past events in terms of precesses that they can actually observe, since processes that shaped the Earth millions of years earlier continue in the present. He wrote Principles of Geology, which Darwin read.
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Thomas Malthus |
he reasoned that if the human population continued to grow unchecked, sooner or later there would be insufficient living space and food for everyone. His publication was titled Essay on the Principle of Population. |
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Charles Darwin |
British naturalist who revolutionized the study of biology with his theory of evolution based on natural selection. His most famous works include Origin of Species (1859) and The Descent of Man (1871). |
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Alfred Russell Wallace |
a colleague of Darwin's, he wrote to him speculating on evolution by natural selection, based on his studies of the distribution of plants and animals.
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Jean-Baptiste Lamarck |
he published a hypothesis of the inheritance of acquired traits. The ideas were flawed but he was one of the first to propose a mechanism explaining how organisms change over time. |
