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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Addison's disease
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inadequate amounts of corticosteriod hormones
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Cushing's disease
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overabundance of corticosteriod hormones
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Histamine
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chemical mediator of the inflammatory response released from mast cells.
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What do histamines cause?
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dilation and increased permeability of small blood vessels, constriction of small airways, increased secretion of mucus in airways and pain
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Iatrogenic
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caused by physician/vet
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Nerve Block
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loss of feeling or sensation produced by injfecting an anesthetic agent around a nerve to interfere with its ability to conduct impulses
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Modulation
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modification of nociceptive transmission
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Prostoglandin
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synthesized by cells from arachidonic acid that serves as a mediator of inflammation
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Regional Anesthesia
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loss of feeling or sensation in a large area of the body after injection of anesthetic agent into spinal canal or around peripheral nerves
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Transduction
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process that involves translation of noxious stimuli into electrical activity at sensory nerve endings
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Nociceptors
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"naked" nerve endings from which pain arises
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Path of pain
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nociceptors - A & C fibers - dorsal horn of spinal cord - thalamus - cerebral cortex
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Hyperalgesia
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area of tissue injury becomes more sensitive and threshold for subsequent stimuli decreases
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NSAIDs mode of action
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inhibit cyclooxygenase enzymes
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cyclooxygenase 1 (cox 1)
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maintains physiological functions like modulation of renal blood flow and synthesis of gastric mucosa
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Cyclooxygenase 2 (cox 2)
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promotes formlastion of prostoglandin from cell membrane arachidonic acid
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Glucocorticoids mode of actions
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block phospholipase
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Phospholipase
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enzyme necessary for production of prostroglandins and leukotrienes
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NSAIDs side effects
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gi ulceration & bleeding, nephrotoxicity, inhitibion of cartilage metabolism, bone marrow supression, bleeding tendencies
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NSAID drugs (6)
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Salicylates (aspirin)
Phenylbutazone Flunixin Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO)Acetaminophen Carprofen |
