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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Male and female |
More than 5 million people of childbearing age in the US experience infertility |
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Infertility |
Female problem 35% of cases Male problem 35% of cases Combined problem 20% of cases Unexplained in 10% of cases |
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Male Infertility |
Sperm- count and mobility Semen- volume and makeup Delivery problems - blockage, erectile dysfunction |
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Sperm minimum fertility level |
Volume- 2.0 to 5.0 mL Sperm number- greater than 20 million per mL Motility- greater than 60% Average male: 5mL and greater than 60 million/mL (around 300-500 million total) |
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Negative factors on sperm |
High heat- from a variety of causes including non-decent of the testis. Low hormone- too little FSH or testosterone. Tissue damage |
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Correction for low sperm count |
Lifestyle change. (Drugs) Dietary supplements (no fatty foods, alcohol, etc.) Hormone replacement. Surgery to repair damage, or to lower non-decended testicles (pre-puberty) |
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Blockage, poor delivery, E.D. |
Surgery Erectile Dysfunction. Fixed with implantations (wire or air with pumps) or medication |
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Sperm aspiration (last resort) |
Obtain viable sperm from the male reproductive tract |
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Female infertility |
Ovulation- hormone deficiency or excess Endometriosis- endometrial tissue moves elsewhere Blockage- fallopian tube problems Implantation problems |
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Corrections for female problems |
Ovulation stimulation- clomiphene citrate: clomid (most common), FSH, LH, GnRH Endometriosis- hormone treatment or laser surgery Implantation- progesterone: stimulates uterine lining |
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IUI or interest uterine insemination |
Female may be stimulated to ovulate Sperm collected, washed and invigorated Sperm injected directly into uterus |
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In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) |
Ovulation Induction Retrieval of eggs Collecting and preparing sperm Insemination of eggs and embryos culture Transferring embryos to the uterus |
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IVF technologies |
Technologies: microscope, incubator, needle, syringe, ultra sound Procedures: hormone treatments, egg retrieval procedure, sperm wash procedure |
