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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is infertility? |
1. Failure to conceive after 1 year of unprotected interoucrse |
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What are the female factors leading to infertility? |
1. Cervical stenosis/abnormalities 2. Uterine--- endometriosis, polyps, fibroids 3. Ovarian-- anovulation 4. Tubal--- damage 5. Peritoneal-- infections, adhesions, adnexal masses
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What are the male factors in infertility? |
1. Pretesticular-- hypothalamus, pituitary, peripheral organs 2. Testicular-- genetic/nongenetic 3. Post-testicular |
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What infertility factors can affect both sexes? |
1. Environmental/occupational 2. Toxic 3. Excessive exercise 4. Inadequate diet 5. Advanced age |
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How can you evaluate cervical function? |
1. Postcoital test 2. Sims-Huhner |
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How can you evaluate uterine and endometrial function? |
1. HSG 2. Hysteroscopy 3. Enodmetrial bx |
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How can you evaluate tubal and peritoneal factors? |
1. Laparoscopy 2. Hysterosalpingogram |
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What progesterone level is indicative of ovulation? |
1. 4 ng/mL |
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What happens to body temp at ovualtion |
1. 0.5 degree increase |
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What is the most common test for ovarian function? |
1. Clomiphene citrate challenge test 2. FSH and estradiol drawn on day 3 3. Administer clomiphene citrate on days 5-9 4. FSH>10 is associated with decreased fertility |
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When should a semen sample be collected? |
1. 3-5 days of sexual abstinence 2. Avoid use of exogenous contaminants |
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What are the parameters for a normal semen sample? |
1. 2-5 mL 2. pH=7.2-7.8 3. 20 million or greater sperm 4. 50% forward progression |
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What is azoospermia? |
1. Absence of sperm |
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What is oligozoospermia? |
1. Fewer than 20 million sperm/mL |
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What is asthenozoospermia? |
1. Sperm motility <50% |
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What is teratospermia? |
1. Increased number of abnormal sperm morphology at head, neck, or tail |
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What is hypospermia? |
1. Decrease of semen volume to less than 2 mL ejaculation |
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What is hyperspermia? |
1. Semen volume >8 mL |
