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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Endocarditis?
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A Disease of the Endocardium and Heart Valves
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What are the 4 Categories of Endocarditis?
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1. Native valve infective endocarditis
2. Prosthetic valve infective endocarditis 3. Infective endocarditis d/t IV drug use 4. Nosocomial infective endocarditis |
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What are the most Common Pathogens of Infective Endocarditis?
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Staph Aureus in Acute Bacterial Endocarditis and
Strep Viridens in Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis |
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Where do Pathogens originate that eventually lead to endocarditis?
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Upper airway,
GU tract, Skin, GI system |
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Risk Factors for contracting Infective Endocarditis
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Valvular Disease (Mitral Valve Prolapse)
Congenital Heart Defects Rheumatic Heart Disease IV drug use Body Piercings Prosthetic heart Valves Long term PICC s or Central Lines |
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What can infective endocarditis lead to?
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-Progressive Heart Failure
-Conduction Disturbances and Dysrhythmias -Embolization of Valvular Vegetations causing infection and -infarction of other tissue, organs, and joints. |
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What Subjective History might be indicative of infective endocarditis?
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Signs of Infection:
Fever, Myalgia, Malaise, Night Sweats, Dyspnea, Pain |
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What PMH would be significant if suspecting infective endocarditis?
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Any type of cardiac surgery or valvular disease,
Exposure to infection such as IV drug use or recent body piercings, Dental procedure with no prophylactic Abx. |
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What Objective Signs might be indicative of infective endocarditis?
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Fever,
Tachycardia, Janeway Lesions, Roth's Spots, Osler's Nodes, Petechiae, Splinter Hemorrhages of Nails, Clubbing, Signs of Heart Failure in advanced disease states |
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Janeway Lesions
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Petechial lesions on palms or soles (not painful!)
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Roth's Spots
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Hemorrhage in Retina with white center
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Osler's Nodes
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<Painful> fingertip lesions or nodes in pads of fingers.
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What are the two most important diagnostic tests?
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Blood Cultures
Echo |
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Treatment for infective endocarditis
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Long term antibiotics
cardiac monitoring. |
