Infectious Diseases

Front 1

Commonly occurs in the vaginal, very common. white "cottage cheese" Discharge, First presents, and WHite crusts on red base.

Back 1

Vaginal candidiasis, often first presents with painful sex.

Front 2

How do you treat vaginal candidiasis, dose?

Back 2

Fluconazole or cream, they have OTC kits now Monistat. 150 usually.

Mouth or esophagous use NYSTATIN- it is a slurry. Diflucan is a pill

Front 3

Other symptoms with candiasis

Back 3

Itching/burning/pain/redness, typically oral in children and some adults present with candidiasis if they take antibiotics

Front 4

RF candidiasis

Back 4

Diabetics are at risk, immunoincompetent

Front 5

Difference of oral candidiasis and leukoplakia?

Back 5

You can scrape oral candiasis, you can have oral or pharyngeal candidiasis.

Front 6

Test for Candidiasis, what does it show

Back 6

KOH- test, budding hyphae will be shown.

Front 7

Derm antifungal Tx, and name

Back 7

Topical tx, candida dermatitis.

Fungemia- endocarditis in heart or heart valves

FUngurea- uri

Front 8

Test for esophageal candidiasis

Back 8

EGD with biopsy/ use a brush

Front 9

What is the Most Common cause of FUngal Meningitis

Back 9

Cryptococcosis: Cryptococcus neoformans- pulmonary infection

Front 10

DX: Cryptococcal

Back 10

India ink/ Usually asympotomatic, see in immunosupressed, No tx if you have a good immune system

Front 11

HIV pt with Cryptococcal TX:

Back 11

Amphotericin B- rough SE, Fluconazole often used as first line. If treated with itraconazole tx prophilactivly whole like.

Front 12

rf cryptococcus

Back 12

aids/ immunocompromised

Front 13

Histoplasma capsulatum, rf, tx DX, xray

Back 13

Histoplasmosis- asymptomatic pulmonary infection

Rf- Aids, low immune

tx- Amphotericin B, or itraconazole

DX:urinary Test,

xray- diffuse infiltrates and markings all around

Front 14

Bird droppings or bat guano exposure in ohio river valley or outside US

Back 14

Histoplasma

Front 15

Most common opptounistic infection in aids patients. No, matter what your tcell count is.

Aids defining ill ness, TX

Back 15

Pneumocystis, Bactrim.

Front 16

CXR- fine, Very sick patient, non productive cough,

"Test is Direct antibody testing and silver stain"

Back 16

Pneumocystis

Front 17

Why dont you give children under 2 honey and botox, home canning

Back 17

Botulism-attacks nerves antitoxin

Front 18

Sudden onset dry mouth, dysphagia, diplopia, dysphonia, muscle weakness that progresses to respiratory paralysis. TX:

Back 18

Botulism: trivalent equine antitoxin

Front 19

urethral discharge in men, dysuria, vaginal discharge, post-coital bleeding. Men notice it more, Painful:men, Painless:female. Leads to what major problem

Back 19

CHlamydia, infertility in women, PID, Reactive arthritis, Reiter's syndrom- most commonly associated with chlamdyia classically associated

Front 20

Test and TX chlamydia

Back 20

urine test or pcr, treat with z-pack, doxycline may also be used but not common

Front 21

when you see chlamydia what else do you treat anyways

Back 21

Gonorrhea

Front 22

Trachomatis is cause by

Back 22

chlamydia to the eye, transferred from flies to the eye, one of the leading causes of blindness in less developed countries

Front 23

"rice-water stool", Tx, DX, Poor sanititation increases transmission

Back 23

Cholera, ORT- oral rehydration therapy (pedialyte basically), IV fluids. TX: azithromycin, DX: with stool sample

Front 24

Gray throat, membrane tightly adherent to the posterior pharynxe

Back 24

Diptheria, corynebacterium

Front 25

TX for a grayish membrane, Club shaped bacteria with a leather hide

Back 25

SECURE AIRWAY, Antibiotics penecillins, and EES-erythramyacin)

Front 26

yellow discharge or looks like chlamydia, SPecifically 2 little circles- di

Back 26

gonorrhea

Front 27

candida dermatitis tx:

Back 27

Fluconazole/ nystatin

Front 28

EGD brushing and biopsy used to show hyphae psuedopod budding

Back 28

candidiasis

Front 29

Dx Fungal meningitis and tx

Back 29

India ink and CSF- may show cryptococcal antigens

Amphotericin B or Flucanozole, if you get this must be treated prophylactivly for life- huge headact and meningitis symptoms are also associated with this

Front 30

Pulmonary infection with a patient that had full cd4 functioning, silver stain +, non productive cough and fever, CXR interstial infiltrates- growing up and outward interstitial infiltrate. How do you treat this? and what other DX test is used

Back 30

PCP, Pneumocystitis, amphotericin B and TMP-SMX, DX: Direct flourescent antibody

Front 31

Lady injects her face and comes down with a neurotoxin that causes double vision, can't swallow or talk well, dry mouth, muscle weakness. what is it and TX

Back 31

Botulism, Trivalent equine antitoxin

Front 32

patient presents with post coital bleeding, Reiters arthritis white discharge. Highest risk, DX, TX`

Back 32

Risk of sterility, DX:PCR, TX:Z-pack

Simple disease simple treatment

Front 33

disease DX: PCR, RT-PCR

Back 33

Chlamydia

Amoebiasis

CMV

RT-PCR: Rubella

Front 34

Cholera

Back 34

"Rice water stool"

Dx: Stool sample

Tx: ORT, IV fluids, possibly Zpack

Front 35

Diptheria

Back 35

Grayish membrane of posterior pharynx

Secure the airway

Anything with stridor intubate immediatly

TX: Trivalent equine( antibiotic ees/penicillin)

Front 36

Fitz-hugh-curtis

Back 36

Liver enlargement occurs with chlamydia and gonorrhea

Front 37

Gonorrhea

Back 37

Yellow discharge, Painful drip, Gonoccocal arthritis

TX: Cetrifoxone 125mg IM, Azithromyacin 1 g

Front 38

2 things with inflammatory bowel syndrome like symptoms

Back 38

Salmonella and shigella

Front 39

Salmonella

Back 39

Turtles, chicken, raw eggs, "pea soup" diarrhea with MARKED constipation, blood and pmn's,

Front 40

Histoplasmosis

Back 40

Bat droppings, DX:urine or biopsy, asymptomatic pulmonary infection.

TX: Amphotericin B and Itraconazole

RF: low immune

Front 41

Salmonellosis

Back 41

Tx: levaquin and ceftriaxone

Rose spots

Front 42

Shigellosis

Back 42

Day care transmission, dysentary, abrupt tenesumus, toxicity

Tx:FQ in adults, children TMP-SMX or azythromycin

Front 43

tetanus

Back 43

Lock jaw-trismus

hyperreflexia

Vaccine- tetanus immunoglobin and 24mu/d of penicillin G aqueous solution

Front 44

Hallmark is Night sweats, respiratory transfer is airborn, hemotysis

Back 44

Symptoms of Tuberculosis

Front 45

Tx of tuberculosis

Back 45

INH *old, rifampin, ethambutol, pyrazinamide

Front 46

DX of tuberculosis

Back 46

Chest xray, qrf, PPD+, acid fast test 3 in a row

Front 47

Tb infection

Latent TB

TB disease

Miliary TB

Back 47

8-12 wks asymptomatic

Positive ppd cannot spread

Cavitating process shown on xr generally in the apical region of the lungs right side

Miliary- classic cxr pattern of soft nodules 2-3 mm

Front 48

If PPD + wheal induration

Back 48

>15 mm >4 no known risk- low risk

>10 mm if intermediate risk- DM, ESRD, malignancy, prednisone use; immigrants from high risk countries; long term care or incarcerated; health care workers

>5 mm high risk: Hiv, IVDU, close contacts, cxr with previous disease

Front 49

Atypical mycobacterial infections

Back 49

not in immunocompetent usually, Causes night sweats weight loss and abdominal pain/ fatigue diarrhea and anemia caused by MAC

Front 50

Amebiasis

Back 50

Fecal-oral transmission tropical regions, colonic disease, Hepatic abscesses- fever, hepatomegaly, pain

DX: Stool for Oval and Parasitic, Antigen and PCR, or CT scan

TX Metronidazole, paromomycin for cysts, drain abscess if warranted

Front 51

Hookworms

Back 51

Rash at site with cough and subsequent GI infestation, Bloody stool, Anemia

TX: Mebendazole

Front 52

CHills, fever, sweat, Dx: thick and thin specific blood smear

Back 52

Malaria, propyhlaxis chloroquine and doxycycline if in a resistance area

Front 53

Pin worms

Back 53

treat mebendazole once, than repeat in 2 weeks

Front 54

alterd mental state, headache, and new seizure

Pregnant major complications, Reactivation in aids<100 cd4 count, Head ct will show ring- enhancing mass lesion

DX: serology, biopsy

TX: Pyrimethamine, and sulfadiazine

Back 54

Toxoplasmosis Cat litter

Front 55

Borelia burgorferi

Back 55

Lyme disease

Front 56

Erythem Migrans bulls eye, can cause dementia as well

Back 56

lyme disease

Front 57

Lyme disease DX, TX

Back 57

DX: elisa and WB conf. Lymphs in CSF.

TX: doxycycline>8years, Amoxicillin<8 years, Ceftriaxone for more severe

Front 58

ceftriaxone treats what diseases

Back 58

Gonorrhea, Salmonella, Lyme disease,

Front 59

3 stages of lyme disease

Back 59

1- erythema migrans, fever/chills, myalgia, fatigue (localized/early)

2( cardiac manifestations (myopericarditis or AV block), Neurologic manifestations, bell's palsy, meningitis, peripheral neuritis

3 (persistent) Musculoskeletal manifestations, crippled

Front 60

FLu like prodrom, with a red macular rash starts on writsts and ankles spreads centrally

Back 60

Rocky mountain spotted fever, tx with doxycycline