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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 2 major clinical stages of syphilis?
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• early (infectious) syphilis: includes primary and secondary lesions
• late syphilis |
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What are characteristics of primary syphilis?
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• develops a chancre (a papule that ulcerates)
• painless, border-raised, firm • persists 3-6 weeks |
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When does secondary syphilis develop?
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develops 6-8 weeks after chancre
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Describe the skin lesions in secondary syphilis
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• mucous membrane lesion (ex. patches, ulcers)
• red-brown hyperpigmented macules on the palms and soles • can form condylomata lata (large, pale, flat-topped papules): florent manifestation • can develop lesions on palms and soles |
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What are other manifestations of secondary syphilis?q
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• alopecia (moth-eaten appearance)
• gastritis • hepatitis • lymphadenopathy • nephritis or nephrosis • meningitis • osteitis • pityriasis rosea • uveitis |
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What are manifestations of late syphilis?
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• gummatous lesoins
• cardiovascular syphilis (with development of aortitis with medial necrosis) • CNS syphilis (ex. meningovascular, tabes dorsalis, general paresis) |
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What is a Jarish-Herxheimer reaction?
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• a systemic response to penicillin-induced lysis of spirochetes
• seen in patients with neurosyphilis |
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What are the indirect antibody tests used to measures titers for syphilis?
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• VDRL
• RPR |
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What titers would be considered "false-positive"?
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1:1, 1:2, 1:4
* titers can be < 1:4 in the late (tertiary) stage |
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What are diseases that can cause false-positive results in an indirect antibody test?
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• autoimmune disease
• mononucleosis • infective endocarditis • hepatitis C • HIV |
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What is the treatment for primary or secondary syphilis?
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Benzathine penicillin 2.4 MU IM
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What is the treatment for late latent or late syphilis?
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Benzathine penicillin, 2.4 MU IM per week for 3 weeks
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What is the treatment for neurosyphilis, cardiovascular, or gummatous involvement?
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Aqeuous penicillin G, 20 MU IV per day for 10 days
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One of the manifestations of tertiary syphilis is general paresis. What are manifestations of general paresis?
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• personality changes
• hyperactive reflexes • Argyll Robertson pupil • decreased memory • slurred speech • optic atrophy |
