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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bacteria
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diverse prokaryotic organisms that can cause a wide variety of diseases in humans & other organisms
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bactericidal
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drugs that kill bacteria
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bacteriostatic
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drugs that slow down or stop the replication of bacteria but that do not necessarily kill bacteria
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communicable disease
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disease caused by pathogens that are transmitted from host-to-host and in general cannot live for extended periods outside a host
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contagious disease
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communicable disease that is easily transmitted between hosts
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convalescence
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the stage of recovery following a disease or injury
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ecto-parasite
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an organism, generally an arthropod, that attaches to or lives on the skin of its host and derives nutrients
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fomite
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an object that can harbor infectious agents (e.g. clothing) and thus may serve as means of transmission
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fungus
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saprobic eukaryotic organism which includes yeasts & mold. some are opportunistic pathogens
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in vitro culture
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growth of an organism in an artificial medium. can be used in the diagnosis of some microorganisms and viruses
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incubation period
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the amount of time between the start of an infection and the appearance of symptoms
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infection
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invasion and multiplication of pathogens in a body tissue
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infectivity
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ability of an organism to enter, survive, and replicate within a host
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mycosis
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an infection caused by a fungus
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opportunistic pathogen
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an organism that is normally not pathogenic but can become pathogenic in immunocompromised or debilitated hosts
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parasite
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an organism that lives on a host organism and causes disease. generally refers to protozoa, helminthes, and arthropods
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prodromal period
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the period characterized by non-specific or mild symptoms indicating the onset of disease
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systemic
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refers to the internal organs
pertaining to, or affecting the body as a whole |
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tropism
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the tendency to be associated with a particular organ or attracted to a particular substance
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vector
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an organism, generally a blood-feeding arthropod, that transmits infectious diseases
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virulence
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refers to the degree of damage or disease caused by a pathogen (can be conditional)
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virus
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submicroscopic pathogens composed of nucleic acids surrounded by a protein coat
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zoonosis
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a disease that is normally found in animals that can be transmitted to humans
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amyloid
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an aggregate of proteins generally found in the brain and associated with many types of neurological diseases
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antigen
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a molecule that interacts with components of the immune system, especially antibodies or t-cell receptors
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arthropod
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an invertebrate organism characterized as having joint legs (e.g. insects)
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bovine spongiform encephalopathy
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a disease caused by prions (mad cow disease)
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Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
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a neurological diseased caused by prions
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enveloped virus
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a virus surrounded by a lipid membrane derived from the host
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fecal-oral
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a type of transmission in which infectious forms of a pathogen are excreted with the feces and subsequently ingested via contaminated food or water
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ligand
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any molecule that binds to a specific site on a protein or other molecule
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pathogenesis
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describes the development of the disease or how the etiological agents act to produce the clinical and pathological changes characteristic of that disease
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saprobe
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an organism living on dead or decaying matter
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serology
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diagnosis of infectious diseases based on detecting specific antibody
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spore
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a dormant stage in bacteria or fungi that can survive in the environment for extended periods and can re-initiate growth or cause an infection under the appropriate conditions
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