Infectious Disease

Front 1

Signs/symptoms of infectious disease

Back 1

fever, skin rash, red streaks, inflamed lymph nodes, joint effusion, nausea/vomiting, headaches, memory loss, dyspnea, sputum production, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, flank pain, myalgia

Front 2

Red streaks on skin

Back 2

super dangerous

Front 3

dyspnea

Back 3

shortness of breath

Front 4

sputum production

Back 4

excess saliva

Front 5

flank pain

Back 5

side pain

Front 6

myalgia

Back 6

muscle pain

Front 7

memory loss is often caused by

Back 7

UTI

Front 8

Joint effusion

Back 8

edema INSIDE the joint

Front 9

Edema

Back 9

swelling

Front 10

fever threshold for elderly

Back 10

99-100

*look for confusion/ change in mental status

Front 11

Elderly have decreased immune function, which

Back 11

delays response and makes them more susceptible to disease

Front 12

Elderly have decreased cough strength, which

Back 12

decreases the clearing of the lungs and can cause them to develop lung infections from not being able to clear their lungs

Front 13

Elderly have decreased skin integrity, which

Back 13

is the first line of defense

Front 14

Elder have decreased thermoregulatory status, which

Back 14

means their body temperature is lower

Front 15

Elderly have to take more medications and have

Back 15

more comorbidities

Front 16

Microorganism(parasite) enters the body and multiplies:

Back 16

-it causes injury to a host cell

-triggers inflammation process which damages even more tissue locally or systemic

Front 17

Pathogen

Back 17

any infectious agent

Front 18

incubation period

Back 18

time from entering host cell until clinical manifestation (symptoms/signs)

Front 19

Latent

Back 19

organism that enters body but is dormant (non-active) for a period. (often years)

Front 20

Nosocomial infection

Back 20

infection acquired during a hospitalization

- up to 5% of patients will get one

Front 21

Disease transmission

Back 21

pathogen present

resevoir(host)

portal of exit

transmission

mode of entry

susceptible host

(ALL THINGS MUST OCCUR BEFORE A DISEASE IS TRANSMITTED)

Front 22

Contact

Back 22

organism transferred by skin to skin, mucous membrane to membrane

Front 23

direct

Back 23

touching, sex, biting, kissing

Front 24

indirect

Back 24

touching an inanimate object(needle, door handle)

Front 25

Airborne

Back 25

inhaled from another respiratory system

-very small

Front 26

Droptlet

Back 26

Large particle from respiratory system that gets coughed up/out or with sneezing

3 feet or less

Front 27

vehicle transmission

Back 27

through a common source such as contaminated food/ IV fluid

Front 28

Vector borne

Back 28

carried via insect

Front 29

transmission based precautions

Back 29

for known infection or suspected infection

Front 30

Airborne precautions

Back 30

for patients known or suspected to be infected with a pathogen that can be transmitted by airborne route

Front 31

Airborne diseases

Back 31

measles

chickenpox

tuberculosis

localized herpes zoster

Front 32

AIIR

Back 32

Airborne Infection Isolation Room

Front 33

Airborne precaution for when patient is entering hospital

Back 33

have patient enter through separate door and avoid the reception and registration area

Front 34

If AIIR is not available

Back 34

-provide pt face mask

-instruct pt not to take mask off except to change it when wet

-initiate protocol to transfer patient to hospital with capacity to properly manage the patient

Front 35

What should PTA wear when caring for airborne precaution pt

Back 35

disposable respirator, if available

-put respirator on before entering the room and take off after exiting

Front 36

if substantial spraying of respiratory fluids is anticipated

Back 36

gloves, gown, and goggles (OR face shield)

Front 37

How long after patient with airborne precautions leaves the hospital room should someone wait to enter?

Back 37

1 hour

(though adequate wait time may vary depending on ventilation in room)

Front 38

Droplet precautions

Back 38

apply to patients known or suspected to be infected with a pathogen that can be transmitted by droplet route

Front 39

Droplet precaution diseases

Back 39

respiratory viruses ( flu,adenovirus, etc.)

bordetella pertusis

Front 40

Droplet precautions diseases for the first 24 hours:

Back 40

neisseria meningitides, group A streptococcus

Front 41

Where should patients with be placed?

Back 41

in an exam room with a closed door as soon as possible

-prioritize patients who have excessive cough and sputum production

Front 42

If an exam room is not available for a patient with droplet precautions

Back 42

patient should be provided a face mask and put in a separate area as far from other patients as possible while waiting for care

Front 43

PTA should wear what when handling pt with Droplet precautions:

Back 43

face mask (procedure or surgical)

-if coming in close contact with pt, it should be donned upon entering the room

Front 44

Presence of stool incontinence, draining wounds, uncontrolled secretions, pressure ulcers, or presence of stomy tubes and/or bags draining body fluids

Back 44

Contact precautions

Front 45

Contact precautions apply to

Back 45

presence of generalized rash or exanthems

Front 46

prioritize placement of droplet precaution patients in exam room if they have

Back 46

stool incontinence, draining wounds and/or skin lesions that cannot be covered, or uncontrolled secretions

Front 47

perform hand hygiene with droplet precautions patients:

Back 47

before touching patient and prior to wearing gloves

Front 48

PTA should wear gloves with droplet precautions patients:

Back 48

when touching the patient and the patients belongings or immediate environment

Front 49

wear a gown with droplet precautions pt if:

Back 49

substantial contact with the patient or their environment is anticipated