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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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3 types of infectious agents
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bacteria (most significant)
virus fungi |
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the infectious cycle
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infectious agent
reservoir portal of exit means of transmission portal of entry suceptible host |
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4 stages of infection
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incubation stage
prodromal stage full stage illness convalescent stage |
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interval between pathogen invasion and symptoms of infection
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incubation period
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early s/s of infection present but vague, non-specific
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prodromal stage
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person is most infectious at this stage of infection
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prodromal stage
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person has specific s/s of illness, localized or systemic
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full stage illness
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recovery from infection stage
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convalescent stage
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foreign material (protein) is ___
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antigen
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____ is produced to combat an antigen
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antibody
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protective mechanism by the body that eliminates the invading pathogen and allows for healing
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inflamatory response
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specific reactions in the body against an invading protein (sometimes body's own protein)
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immune response
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normal lab values fo WBC's
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total 5,000-10,000
neutrophils- 60-70% lymphocytes- 20-40% |
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all activities to prevent infection or break cycle of infection
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asepsis
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examples of aseptic techniques
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hand washing
wear gloves autoclave |
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removal of all foreign material w/ or w/o detergent thru mechanical action (friction)
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cleaning
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destroys all pathogens except spores
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disinfection
(use for equipment not entering a sterile body cavity) |
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destroys all pathogens including spores
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sterilizing
(use for equipment entering a sterile body cavity) |
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most health-care acquired infections can be traced to ___
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an invasive device
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what is MRSA
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methicillin-resistant S. aureus
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what is VRSA?
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vancomycin-resistant S. aureus
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what is VRE? use to treat?
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vancomycin-resistant enterococci
Zyvox |
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3 most common infections r/t invasive devices
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UTI, pneumonia, septicemia
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type of precaution involving pathogens less than 5 microns wide and 3 examples
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airborne precautions
TB, varicella, rubeola (measles) |
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type of precaution involving pathogens more than 5 microns wide and 2 examples
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rubella, adenovirus
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type of precaution involving doning PPE such as gloves, gown, face/eye protection and 3 examples
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contact precautions
MRSA, VRSA, C-dif. |
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____ infection: causative organism comes from other people
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exogenous
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____ infection: causative organism comes from microbial life harbored in/on affected person
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endogenous
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____ infection: results from a treatment or diagnostic procedure
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iatrogenic
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