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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Father of infection control what did he stress |
Ignaz Semmelweis hand washing |
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Modes of transmission for infectious diseases transmitted
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direct indirect bloodborne airborne droplet vehicles vector |
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Infections cycle |
Infectious agent - Reseviours - Portal of exit - Means of transmission - vehicles - vector |
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what is reservoirs |
where the IA lives |
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What is portals of exit |
how the IA gets out |
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What are examples of vehicles |
food and water |
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what is a vector |
animal or insect |
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Normal Body defenses to prevent infections |
normal flora inflammation vascular and cellular response tissue repair |
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Localized |
one are area/specific spot of the body |
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Systemic |
whole body |
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normal CBC count |
5000 - 10000/mm3 5.0- 10.0 |
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elevated CBC indicates |
inflammatory response to infection |
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ESR |
elevated in the presence of inflammatory response |
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WBC breakdown |
Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils |
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Nosocomial |
Hospital acquired infection |
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Nosocomial factors |
UTI Pneumonia from ventilator wound from surgery blood infection from IV site |
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HBV Spread cause symptoms Prevention |
blood, bodily fluids HBV GI symptoms, Jaundice wear gloves, handwashing, engineering controls |
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HCV Spread cause symptoms Prevention |
Needles drug use HCV fatigues, weight loss, nausea hand washing, education, needle exchange |
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HIV Spread Cause Symptoms Prevention |
Sex, bodily fluids, sharing needles AIDS/HIV flu or mono first exposure. Gradual increase of condition safe sex, needle exchange, PPE |
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HIV affects what body system |
Immune |
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HCV affects what organ |
Liver |
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How long does it take to detect HIV |
1 to 6 months |
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How long does it take to detect HCV |
3 wks to 5 months |
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Tuberculosis Spread Causes sysmptoms |
Airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis prolonged productive cough, fatigue, night sweets |
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Latent TB vs Active |
Latent - exposed, but cannot pass to others
Active - Contagious w/ symptoms and can pass to others |
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How do you verify confirmation of TB |
AFB (acid fast basilis) test |
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Who are at risk for TB |
elderly, young, PT in communities, compromised immune systems, jails or confined spaces |
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Influenza spread Causes Symptoms Prevention |
airborne droplets FLU body aches, fever Hand washing |
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Sterilization |
kills all spores and micro organisms |
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Decontamination |
cleaning technique that reduces pathogens |
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Airborne Precautions |
Private room, Negative pressure room, N95 respirator |
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Droplet precautions |
Private room or cohort patients, mask or respirator |
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Contact precautions |
private room or cohort, PPE |
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Protective isolation precations |
Positive pressure room, Private room, mask worn by patient |
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Sterile or Surgical Asepsis |
procedures that access bloodstream, break skin intergrity, involve body cavities, dressing/wound changes |
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Sterile only touches what |
sterile items |
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Sterile field things to do |
check dates sterile touches sterile keep sterile field above waist never turn back on sterile field don't reach across sterile field outer edge of sterile field is considered contaminiated if you break sterile, restart |
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when opening sterile packages |
open away from you |
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Lip fluids |
to pour fluids out over edge |
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What do to if exposed |
flush for 20 minutes wash area exposed report incident treatment if required use spill kit |
