Infection Control

Front 1

What are diseases?

Back 1

a condition of abnormal function involving any structure, part of a structure, or a system of the organism

Front 2

Colonozation

Back 2

The process by which strains of macroorganism may grow and multiply, but don not cause disease (resident flora)

Front 3

Souce of transmission

Back 3

comminicable - HAI or nosocomial (health care -associated infection)
Endogenous - get the infection from themselves
Exogenous- from outside source

Front 4

contributing factors of HAI

Back 4

#1 insufficient hadwashing
#2 iatrogenic - infection from some kind of procedure ex- if a peson gets an infection from proper procedure and get the infection from that
#3 compromised host defense -
#4 contaminated equiptment

Front 5

types of infection

Back 5

Local, systemic - systemic is throught body
acute- infection just happend and it doesnt last that long, chronic-nlast for six month
Baceremia-
Septicemia-
resistant-

Front 6

what can be done by health care providers and the general public to preventthe development of resistant strains of bacteria?

Back 6

cut down on antibioticat, do not use other people's antiiotic, take the entire course of the antibiotic

Front 7

Resistant Microbes

Back 7

MRSA (CAMRSA) - kills more than aids and affects more than 90000 people
VRE-
VRSA-
PRSP(MDRSP)
MDRTB

Front 8

Suprainfections

Back 8

secondary infections-
Usually caused by an opportunistic pathogen - like when a woman taking atibiotic and develoop yaest infection

Front 9

risk for infections

Back 9

Age-very old and very young
breastfeeding very good bc antibodies are passed down from mother.
elderly have a weakedn immune system. low counts of Tcell and they have other problem such as less saliva and decreased gum line allowing bacteria through, also skin is fragile, they do not drink enough water and get dehydrated and do not urinate as often therefore urine sits there and doesnt flush out organisms
Heredity-such as sickle cell, diabetes,
Stress-reduce resistance to infections, body should be able to mount the inflamatory response, your body produces cortisol and it is an anti inflamatory substance therefore if an organism eneters your body will not able to respond normally to fight of
Nutritional status - enough protein
Immunization status
Personal Habits-STDs or STI, sexual habits, smoking, alcohol
Medical treatments-steroids
Pre-existing diseases- diabetes bc blood sugar is not normal level so they can have infections, they also have a delay with healing time.
Recent illnesses or sugery- opening of body bc body is bodies first line of defense
Weakend defense systems-
Cultural practices-ex. religion
Enviromental factors-factories, where is the drinking water comming from

Front 10

nonspecific host defenses

Back 10

Skin
Protective mechanism
Inflammatory response
Fever-
(may appear diferently in the elderly)!!!-confussion, disorientation, agitation,alterred mental status or AMS,the eldery will not complain of an UTI, bc they sometimes do not have the same complaints as anyone else would

Front 11

immune system

Back 11

Antibody mediated
active-have natural exposure to antigen, like chiken pox a person then develops antibodies
Artificial antigens give - vacine given antibodies are developed, may need booster shots
Passive immunitty- given by someone else
Natural source-breastfeeding
Artificial source-given to me (antibodies are given to me)
Cell Mediated- T cell sytem, cant be given

Front 12

Body'e response to infection

Back 12

Localized Response
cardinal signs
1-hyperemia(redness)
2-edema(swelling)
3-heat
4-pain
5-

Front 13

Body's response to infection

Back 13

systemic response
1-fever
2-increased

Front 14

Chain of Infection

Back 14

Etilogic agent-depends on the number & virulance(the ability to produce disease)
organism that causes the problem to begin with, different organisms are more virulant than others

Front 15

Chain of infection

Back 15

Reservoir-where the organism is living

Front 16

Chain Of infection

Back 16

Portal of exit and Portal of Entry

Front 17

systems of isolation precautions

Back 17

1-wash hands before & after all client contact
2-Proper use of personal protective euiptment (PPE) such as gloves, mask, protective eyewear, gowns(fluid resistant)
3-proper removal of PPE
4-disposal of sharps in puncture resistant containers
5-do no recap, break, bend needles after use
6-dispose of infected waste as per agency policy